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. Chronic sodium hydrosulfide treatment decreases medial thickening of intramyocardial coronary arterioles, interstitial fibrosis, and ROS production in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 293: H2093-H2100, 2007. First published July 13, 2007; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00088.2007.-Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gasotransmitter that regulates cardiovascular functions. The present study aimed to examine the hypothesis that chronic treatment with sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, an H2S donor) is able to prevent left-ventricular remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Four-week-old SHR were treated with NaHS (10, 30, and 90 ), and placebo for 3 mo. At the end of the treatment period, variables such as cardiac geometry and function, intramyocardial arterioles ranging in diameter from 25 to 100 m, perivascular and interstitial collagen content, reactive oxygen species (ROS), thiol groups, conjugated dienes, and DNA base modification were examined. The novel finding of the present study is that chronic NaHS treatment prevented the hypertrophy of intramyocardial arterioles and ventricular fibrosis, as well as decreased myocardial ROS and conjugated diene levels. The cardioprotective effects were blunted by coadministration of glibenclamide, suggesting a role of ATP-sensitive potassium channels in mediating the action of NaHS. Hydralazine caused a comparable reduction of blood pressure compared with NaHS treatment; however, it exerted no effect on the remodeling process or on ROS and conjugated diene levels. Moreover, NaHS treatment caused an increase in myocardial thiol group levels, whereas DNA base modification was not altered by NaHS treatment. In conclusion, the superior cardioprotective effects of NaHS treatment are worthy to be further explored to develop novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of cardiac remodeling in hypertension.left-ventricular remodeling; gasotransmitter; hypertension; hydrogen sulfide HYPERTENSION-INDUCED left-ventricular hypertrophy is recognized as an independent risk factor for myocardial ischemia, dysfunction, infarction, and heart failure (26). Structural remodeling of coronary arterioles and extracellular matrix becomes obvious in hypertrophied left ventricle (LV) in 4-mo-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) (15). Hypertension-induced medial thickening of intramyocardial coronary arterioles results in stenosis of the coronary arterioles and consequent myocardial ischemia and dysfunction (19), whereas perivascular fibrosis may induce a compression on the coronary arterioles and therefore account for a reduction in coronary vasodilator reserve. Moreover, an accumulation of fibrillar collagen in the interstitial space of hypertrophied myocardium has been held responsible for abnormal ventricular wall stiffness and for impaired cardiac pumping capacity (12,20). In this context, the aim of antihypertensive therapy is not only to decrease blood pressure (BP) but also to reduce hypertrophy of intramyocardial coronary arterioles and left-ventricular inte...

Background and Purpose-We investigated changes in oxidative damage after ischemic stroke using multiple biomarkers. Methods-Serial blood and urine samples of ischemic stroke subjects and age-matched control subjects were assayed for F 2 -isoprostanes, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid products, F 4 -neuroprostanes, 24-hydroxycholesterol, allantoin, and urate. Results-Sixty-six stroke subjects (mean age, 65 years; median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale 17) and 132 control subjects were recruited. A bimodal pattern of change was observed in plasma and urinary F 2 -isoprostanes and plasma 24-hydroxycholesterol. The rise in plasma hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid products, F 4 -neuroprostanes, and allantoin was highest 6 to 12 hours after stroke onset, whereas plasma urate was significantly lower than controls on Days 1 to 3. After adjusting for age and baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, baseline plasma esterified hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid products (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.02), plasma urate (1.01; 1.00 to 1.01), and plasma free F 4 -neuroprostanes (2.73; 1.76 to 3.93) were associated with 90-day good functional recovery (modified Rankin Scale Յ1). Conclusions-Multiple markers of oxidative damage are increased immediately after stroke and remain elevated for several days. Recognition of these temporal changes may help design better antioxidant treatment trials for acute ischemic stroke. (Stroke. 2011;42:2326-2329.)

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OBJECTIVEThe role of oxidative damage in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome is poorly understood.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSA detailed cross-sectional study was performed to assess the relationship between lipid oxidation products, γ-glutamyltransferase, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and phospholipase activities with respect to the metabolic status in a cohort of otherwise healthy individuals.RESULTSA total of 179 individuals (87 men and 92 women) aged 43 ± 14 years (mean ± SD) participated in this study. There were no differences in the levels of plasma F2-isoprostanes, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids, cholesterol oxidation products, and phospholipase activities in individuals with features of metabolic syndrome. In multivariate analyses, serum hs-CRP was a consistent independent predictor of metabolic syndrome.CONCLUSIONSMinimal changes were observed in multiple markers of oxidative damage in a well-characterized cohort of individuals with features of metabolic syndrome.