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Available online xxxKeywords: Green synthesis Silver nanoparticle Azadirachta indica Bioreduction Plant extract a b s t r a c tIn this study, rapid, simple approach was applied for synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica aqueous leaf extract. The plant extract acts both as reducing agent as well as capping agent. To identify the compounds responsible for reduction of silver ions, the functional groups present in plant extract were investigated by FTIR. Various techniques used to characterize synthesized nanoparticles are DLS, photoluminescence, TEM and UVeVisible spectrophotometer. UVeVisible spectrophotometer showed absorbance peak in range of 436e446 nm. The silver nanoparticles showed antibacterial activities against both gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram negative (Escherichia coli) microorganisms. Photoluminescence studies of synthesised silver nanoparticles were also evaluated. Results confirmed this protocol as simple, rapid, one step, eco-friendly, nontoxic and an alternative conventional physical/chemical methods. Only 15 min were required for the conversion of silver ions into silver nanoparticles at room temperature, without the involvement of any hazardous chemical.

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The over increasing demand of eco-friendly materials to counter various problems, such as environmental issues, economics, sustainability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility, open up new fields of research highly focusing on nature-based products. Edible polymer based materials mainly consisting of polysaccharides, proteins, and lipids could be a prospective contender to handle such problems. Hydrogels based on edible polymer offer many valuable properties compared to their synthetic counterparts. Edible polymers can contribute to the reduction of environmental contamination, advance recyclability, provide sustainability, and thereby increase its applicability along with providing environmentally benign products. This review is highly emphasizing on toward the development of hydrogels from edible polymer, their classification, properties, chemical modification, and their potential applications. The application of edible polymer hydrogels covers many areas including the food industry, agricultural applications, drug delivery to tissue engineering in the biomedical field and provide more safe and attractive products in the pharmaceutical, agricultural, and environmental fields, etc.

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