If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.comEmerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services.Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation. AbstractPurpose -The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the nature of emotion, self-esteem and life satisfaction tendencies amongst Iranian Muslim consumers when making impulse purchases.Design/methodology/approach -Questionnaires were distributed amongst female Muslim participants at a shopping centre in Yazd, Iran -each of which were selected using cluster and random sampling methods. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and structural equation modelling techniques, where LISREL software was used to measure the direct and indirect relationships between variables.Findings -Within the sample, there was a direct causal relationship between impulse buying tendencies, impulse buying behaviour and purchasing. Second, there was a negative relationship between self-esteem and life-satisfaction within impulse buying tendencies. Finally, a positive relationship exists between emotion and impulse buying tendencies, which elicits impulse buying behaviour culminating in purchases. Emotion drives these consumers towards dissonance-reducing behaviour, which mediates low self-esteem and life satisfaction -through consumerism as a form of retail therapy. Some of the items purchased on impulse, that fulfilled this role, were hijabs (headscarves) and mantos (a type of tunic/shirt-dress/coat common in Iran).Research limitations/implications -The hijab is worn by Muslim females across the globe. However, the manto is an item of clothing worn almost exclusively by Iranian females. Therefore, it is likely that Muslim females in different geographies may exhibit similar behavioural traits, but their consumption patterns would substitute this item with a different one, such as an abaya or jilbab, for example.Originality/value -Whilst the notion of retail therapy is widely understood, the novel contribution of this study lies in highlighting that the purchase of clothing such as hijabs and mantos by Iranian Muslim females is not just driven by rational and emotional decision-making seeking to fulfil religious obligations. There are cases where these religious artefacts are used to raise feelings of self-esteem and life satisfaction within the same individuals.

The main objective of this study is to examine the relationship between product market competition

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New technologies are supported by the global implementation of the internet. These improvements have deeply affected various disciplines of sciences and consequently changed services such as daily business, particularly health sectors. Innovative digital marketing strategies utilize the channels of social media and retrieved user data to analyze and improve relevant services. These multidisciplinary innovations can assist specialists, physicians and researchers in diagnostic, prophylaxis and treatment issues in the health sector. Accordingly, compared to recent decades, health decision makers are more accurate and trustful in defining new strategies. Interestingly, using social media and mobile health apps in current pandemics of SARS-CoV-2 could be an important instance of the key role of these platforms at the local and global level of health policies. These digital technologies provide platforms to connect public health sectors and health politicians for communicating and spreading relevant information. Adding influencers and campaigns to this toolbox strengthens the implementation of public health programs. In 2016, the WHO adopted a global program to eliminate viral hepatitis by 2030. Recent constructive measures that have been used in the battle against COVID-19 could be adopted for the elimination of viral hepatitis program. The presented evidence in our narrative review demonstrates that the application of digital marketing tools to create campaigns on social media, armed with professional influencers, can efficiently consolidate this program. The application of different strategies in using these popular tools will raise the public awareness about viral hepatitis. Subsequently, the availability of an effective vaccine for HBV and antiviral medication for HCV can motivate the audience to take steps towards prophylaxis and screening methods against these infectious illnesses. The encouragement of health policy makers to apply digital communication technologies and comprehensive roadmaps to implement this global program will certainly decrease the burden of viral hepatitis worldwide.

Abstract

In the present time the accounting profession has faced two main challenges. The first challenge is the change and spread of the accounting role which has caused increasing demand for the skilled and professional graduates and the second one is related to existence of a gap between the current skills and the desired skills among the graduates of accounting field. This problem can be assigned to the lack of attention to effective factors of learning and training. Some believe that the educational program of accounting is supposed to bring those graduates in workforces who have the qualifications to meet the primary requirements of their professional job. On the other hand, some believe that the graduates must enjoy the background knowledge and skills in order to be ready for playing their organizational role and to fulfill their personal and group interactions for different jobs and overall tasks in their work life. The goal of the present study is to investigate the relationship between background variables and educational performance of accounting MA students. In this study a kind of survey method is used and a sample of MA students has been questioned and the needed data for achieving the research goals have been gathered using a standard questionnaire which is utilized in international studies. The results of the present study show that there is a significant relationship between prior educational success of students and their educational performance, also student studying in undergraduate accounting degree has a positive impact on their educational performance in the postgraduate studies. This issue is a justification about the relative lack of success of students that their undergraduate field of study is irrelevant. Student's educational performance with their motivation and expectation has a positive and direct relationship, i.e. as much more the motivation and expectation of students their educational performance is better.

Industrial revolution, economic crises, and facilitation and expansion of global communication have increased the volume of transactions and management complexity. This complexity has led to a situation that people are not able to simply make good financial decisions in their business and personal life. With the financial and economic activities becoming more difficult, countri es have concluded that whole the public essentially need to be trained about financial issues. The study of financial literacy of population has become a matter of interest to some researchers; therefore, some studies have been done in this area. In this respect, the current study attempts to investigate financial literacy of university professors. For this purpose, a questionnaire was designed; then, using random sampling, they were distributed among selected individuals. The data was collected using statistical analyses such as correlation, independent samples T-test and ANOVA. The results showed that university professors lack essential financial information for handling their daily financial issues. There was a relationship between financial literacy and marital status characteristics, and finally there was not significant relationship between variables such as age, education and employment status with financial literacy.

According to health studies, reinforcing gelatin is necessary in order to obtain the multifunctional material. In this study, nano zinc oxide (ZnO; at concentrations of 0.5%, 1% and 1.5%) was doped with gelatin and the solution was electrospun under specific conditions to obtain multifunctional gelatin/ZnO nanofibers. The morphology of the nanofibers was studied by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDX) analysis indicated the presence of nano Zn on the surface of gelatin fibers. On the contrary, elemental mapping analysis proved the distribution of nano material along the nano gelatin fibers. The results show that the produced nano gelatin/ZnO composite increases the ultraviolet (UV) blocking of fabric significantly. It is also observed that electrospun gelatin/ZnO nanofibers have excellent bactericidal property against both Bacillus cereus (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) bacteria.