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Essential oils (EOs) of three Iranian cultivated Nepeta species were investigated. The oils were obtained by hydrodistillation of air-dried plant materials at full flowering stage and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectroscopy (GC/MS). In total, 89 compounds were detected. In over 2 years, a number of constituents were identified in the EO of Nepeta binaloudensis first and second years (26 and 37, respectively), Nepeta cataria (25 and 32, respectively), and Nepeta assurgens (45 and 50, respectively). In the oils of N. binaloudensis, 4a-α,7-α,7a-α-nepetalactone (NL) 59.7% and 1,8-cineole (19.6%) during the first and second years, respectively, were the main constituents. The main components of N. cataria were 4a-α,7-α,7a-β-NL (72.8%) and 4a-α,7-β,7a-α-NL (73.9%) during the first and second years, respectively, and 4a–α,7-α,7a-α-NL (55.5%) and 1,8-cineole (24.1%) during the first and second years, respectively, were the main constituents of N. assurgens. The results showed that NLs isomers and 1,8-cineole were the main components of the oils of three cultivated Nepeta species.

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The objective of this study was to determine the response of borage (Borago officinalis) phytochemical and morphological attributes in relation to application of different levels of salicylic acid. Borage planted in pots and salicylic acid was sprayed on the shoots at concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mM with 6 replications in a completely randomized block design. Morphological attributes such as shoot height, shoot dry matter, flower dry matter, flower weight and shoot wet weight were measured. In the other hand, phytochemical attributes such as ion leakage, chlorophyll a, b, carotenoid, and antioxidant activity were also investigated under induced stress by different concentrations of salicylic acid. Results showed that some morphological traits such as shoot dry matter (31.23%), flower dry matter (20.43%), flower weight (38.54 g), shoot wet weight (109.43 g), possessed the highest values under treatment of 1.5 mM salicylic acid. Also, some phytochemical traits in plants treated with 1.5 mM salicylic acid reached the highest values during the growth stage with the exception of ion leakage (0.54%). These measured traits with higher values consisted of chlorophyll a (4.16 mg.l-1), chlorophyll b (1.65 mg.l-1), total chlorophyll (5.81 mg.l-1), carotenoid (1.18 mg.l-1), antioxidant activity (53.73%).

To find out the effects of media culture and foliar fertilization on some yield traits including the number of fruits per bush, mean weight of fruit, yield of per bush, long of fruits and diameter of fruits 9 months completely randomized factorial experiment (3 x 5) with four replications was conducted. Media culture treatments include 5 levels namely soil; mixture of soil and vermy compost; mixture of soil and sand; mixture of soil and peat moss and mixture of soil, sand and peat moss. Foliar fertilization treatments include 3 levels namely applying once a week, once a 3 week and no fertilization (control). The results showed that the media culture treatments on the whole of traits and foliar fertilization also on the whole of traits except yield of per bush had a significant difference (p < 0.01). In the foliar fertilization except yield per bush the once a 3 week fertilization caused highest increase than other treatments and in the media culture treatments, the mixture of soil and peat moss showed highest increase than other treatments.

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