Background: The emergency department is the heart of every hospital and regular circulation of tasks in this unit can save countless lives. Quality of services provided at emergency departments is of particular importance and performance improvement is considered as one of the most important processes in emergency departments.

Background: The emphasis placed on ethics and moral considerations has always been considered in individual and social domains, and moral intelligence is one of the important components that can play a key role in the improvement of nursing profession. In fact, among different professions, nursing is a clear indication of moral performance. Objectives: The overriding aim of the present study was to evaluate the moral intelligence of nurses working in hospitals of Guilan Province, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 200 nurses working in hospitals of Guilan Province. The participants were chosen using the two-stage cluster sampling method. Data were collected using Lennick and Kiel's moral intelligence scale, which is a standard and localized questionnaire. To analyze the data, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests were run in SPSS, version 16. Results: The highest percentage of the respondents (65%) had a moderate level of moral intelligence, and the least percentage of the subjects (4.5%) had a low level of moral intelligence. Three moral competencies including "Admitting mistakes and failures" (15.46 ± 0.093), "Keeping promises" (15.24 ± 2.13) and "Actively caring about others" (15.16 ± 2.32) achieved the maximum scores within the range of 4 to 20. Were the most important competencies of moral intelligence, respectively. The Kruskal Wallis test reflected a significant difference in the comparative study of nurses' moral intelligence based on age, gender, department, and educational level (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The desirable level of moral intelligence in nurses indicates the importance of obtaining moral values and emphasizes the existence of moral values in the clinical environment. Attention to factors affecting moral intelligence plays an important role in improving nurse's clinical performance.

No abstract

Background: Fire is one of the potential dangers that threatens human activities more and more. Given that, this study sought to introduce the factors preventing the spread of fire in hospitals to policymakers through prioritization based on the techniques of applied mathematics (multi-attribute decision-making technique). Methods: This study consisted of two stages. In the first stage, through a comprehensive review of studies, factors preventing the spread of fire were identified, and then in the second stage, based on the experts’ opinions, the attributes affecting the prioritization and their weights were determined. Finally, based on the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) model, the final prioritization was done for five types of hospital buildings. Results: Based on the literature review and experts’ opinions, seven factors and four attributes were identified. The most important factors were “the use of safety architecture and equipping with appropriate emergency exit accesses according to the standard” in highrise hospitals, “continuous firefighting training of the personnel” in wide hospitals, “use of fire extinguishing systems (automatic and manual)” in subsurface hospitals, “use of fire extinguishing systems (automatic and manual)” in combined hospitals, and “continuous firefighting training of the personnel” in portable hospitals. Conclusions: Fire safety is not limited to the installation of a manual fire extinguisher, but for fire safety, especially in hospitals, all aspects should be considered, including the architectural form of the building, how the materials and equipment in the building caught fire, fire behavior in terms of heat transfer, the firefighting training of the personnel, recognition, and application of modern and ready-made equipment for smoke ventilation systems and fire products, automatic and manual fire alarm systems, and extinguishing systems to prevent the spread of fire.

Background: Patient safety is one of the main components of the health care services quality that implies avoidance of any harm or damage to the patient during the delivery of health care. The purpose of this study was to determine the patient safety culture from the view point of nurses in the hospitals of Guilan province in 2016. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 400 nurses from the nurse community in Guilan province, Iran in 2016. The sampling was performed as the two-stage cluster sampling method. Data were collected using a modified questionnaire based on the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC). Data were presented with descriptive statistics analysis using in SPSS-14. The significant level was considered less than 0.05. Results: Most of the nurses were female (89%), with a mean age of 34.28±6.86 years. The most response to the items was related to "Please give your work area/unit in this hospital an overall grade on patient safety" that was the acceptable option (47.5%). The mean score of the patient safety was 3.28 ±0.86. Conclusions: The results showed two dimensions including staffing and teamwork within units.