Background:
Quercetin is a flavonol from the flavonoid group of polyphenols which positively affects human health due to its
anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and cardioprotective effects. The effects of phenolic compounds,
including quercetin, on programmed cell death and cellular senescence have been the subject of research in
recent years.
Objective:
In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of quercetin on cell viability, apoptosis and cellular senescence
in primary (Colo-320) and metastatic (Colo-741) colon adenocarcinoma cell lines.
Methods:
Cytotoxicity was analyzed via MTT assay in Colo-320 and Colo-741 cell lines. After quercetin treatment,
cellular senescence and apoptosis were evaluated by TUNEL staining, X-Gal staining and indirect peroxidase
technique for immunocytochemical analysis of related proteins such as Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, Hsp27, Lamin B1,
p16, cyclin B1.
Results:
The effective dose for inhibition of cell growth in both cell lines was determined to be 25µg/ml quercetin for 48
hours. Increased Bax immunoreactivity following quercetin treatment was significant in both Colo-320 and
Colo-741 cell lines, but decreased Bcl-2 immunoreactivity was significant only in the Colo-320 primary cell line.
In addition, after quercetin administration, the number of TUNEL positive cells and, immunoreactivities for p16,
Lamin B1 and cyclin B1 in both Colo-320 and Colo-741 cells increased.
Conclusion:
Our results suggest that quercetin may only induce apoptosis in primary colon cancer cells. Furthermore,
quercetin also triggered senescence in colon cancer cells but some cells remained alive, suggesting that colon
cancer cells might have escaped from senescence.
Objective: Quercetin is a phytochemical that is regarded as a potential anticancer agent in colon cancer prevention. Exosomes are nanovesicles secreted by normal or cancer cells, which transport miRNAs and proteins and participate in intercellular communication as a cargo. Cytotoxicity, exosomal miRNA secretion, and distribution of Dicer, Ago2, CD9, CD63 and eIF2α in quercetin applied Colo 320 and Colo 741 colon cancer cell lines were aimed.Materials and Methods: The cytotoxicity test that we used to evaluate cell viability is MTT assay. The distribution of Dicer, Ago2, CD9, CD63 and eIF2α in both cell lines were analyzed using the indirect immunoperoxidase technique. The exosomal miRNA levels were evaluated by using a miRCURY™ Kit.Results: Decreased eIf2α immunoreactivity following quercetin application was significant in Colo 741 colon cancer cells. Increased Dicer and CD9 immunoreactivities were significant between Colo 320 and Colo 741 colon cancer cells. Additionally, after quercetin application, exosomal miRNA concentrations were increased in both Colo 320 and Colo 741 cell lines.Conclusion: According to our results, total exosomal miRNA concentration and levels of associated proteins were affected after quercetin administration. Additionally, the change in the immunoreactivity of the related proteins after quercetin application differed according to the cell type and origin.
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