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New developments in antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with antibiofilm properties are rapidly materializing. ABP works by inhibiting antibiotic resistant bacteria in the biofilm through nucleotide signaling molecules. Alternative Antibiotics Antimicrobial peptides and antibiofilm peptide (ABP) are new antibiotic molecules derived from microorganisms for the treatment of infections. The authors have discussed significance, limitations and trials of these antimicrobial peptides from bacteria, fungi, protozoa and yeast.

BACKGROUND: Peptones are one of the most expensive components of microbial culture media. The present study was performed to produce microbial peptone from sheep wool using a new chemical process. RESULTS: Wool peptone (WP) was found to have high protein (67.8 g per 100 g) and ash (29.2 g per 100 g) contents. Glutamic acid was the most abundant amino acid in WP with a content of 8175 mg per 100 g). Wool peptone (WP) also had a high content (5042 mg per 100 g) of cystine, a sulphur-containing amino acid. Optimal concentration of WP was determined as 5 g L −1 for the fungi and 6 g L −1 for the bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus showed very poor growth performance in WP medium. Growth performances of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus subtilis and Penicillium chrysogenum were at moderate levels in WP medium. The best growth performance for Aspergillus niger was observed in WP medium with a biomass production of 8.17 g L −1 . Second best growth performance for Escherichia coli was achieved with WP among the tested peptones. a good growth substrate, especially for A. niger and E. coli. This is the first investigation on use of wool as peptone source or substrate for microorganisms. CONCLUSION: Wool peptone (WP) was shown to be REFERENCES1 AL-Bahri MBAG, AL-Naimi SA and Ahammed SH, The optimum conditions for production of soya peptone by acidic hydrolysis of soya proteins.

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Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common types of cancer in men. In several recent studies, chromosomal deletions in the q arm of chromosome 2, where ING5 resides within, have been identified in various cancer types including PCa. In this study, we investigate the role of ING5 as a tumor suppressor in PCa. We examined the expression level of ING5 in tissue samples and cell lines using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. We tested the in vitro tumor suppressor potential of ING5 in PC3 and LNCaP cells stably overexpressing it using cell viability, colony formation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis assays. We then investigated the effects of ING5 on the Akt and p53 signaling using western blot analysis. We show that ING5 is significantly downregulated in PCa tumor tissue samples and cell lines compared with the corresponding controls. In vitro assays demonstrate that ING5 effectively suppresses proliferative, clonogenic, migratory, and invasive potential and induce apoptosis in PCa cells. ING5 may potentially exert its anti‐tumor potential by inhibiting AKT and inducing p53 signaling pathways. Our findings demonstrate that ING5 possesses tumor suppressor roles in vitro, pointing its importance during the prostatic carcinogenesis processes.