“…Biocatalysts of the Rhizopus type, mainly R. Oryzae , have many advantages compared to bacteria, such as their natural shape in the form of filaments or pellets simplifying the processes , the enantioselectivity for L (+) lactic acid , the low nutritive costs (sources of nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus, sulphur, and inorganic salts), and their amylolytic properties that enable the direct use of starch without needing saccharification . Lactic acid can thus be produced from molasses , lignocellulosic biomass , or starch. On the other hand, there are still certain obstacles such as the production of by‐products (ethanol and fumaric acid) or limits in the transfer of the oxygen necessary for fungi .…”