The high level of logistics development positively affects many socio-economic indicators of the country’s economic development, such as inflation rates, productivity indicators, etc. Increasing productivity through the use of logistics at enterprises has a positive impact on the competitiveness in global markets, as well as on profit level. The aim of this article is to analyze the evolution of productivity in rail transport among several countries from 1997 to 2016. We use a non-parametric approach that allows us to change the performance and efficiency of the transport infrastructure. The main indicators of rail transport should be divided into variations of efficiency and technical changes. The results indicate that productivity growth is concentrated in the last period (1997-2016), when most countries conducted reform processes. This increase in productivity occurred mainly due to technical progress. We also analyze the correlation analysis to determine the factors most influencing the effectiveness. In contrast to similar articles, we justified that the higher the autonomy and financial independence, the higher the level of efficiency and technical change in the infrastructure of the railway transport.
This article is devoted toan analysis of agricultural sector of the country which is considered both a factor of ensuring competitiveness of national economy in general, and a factor of ensuring food security within the country. In the article devoted to an analysis of competitiveness of the country's agriculture in the age of globalization, including conditions of regional integration into the Customs union (CU) on the basis of statistical data. Also the problems and prospects of Kazakhstan's agricultural sector are studied, examples of factors impeding the competitiveness of the agro-industrial complex (AIC) of Kazakhstan and opportunities in this sector are also provided. In order to assess the competitiveness of the countryэs agriculture in the framework of regional integration, we have analyzed such factors as: the structure of mutual trade of the CU's member-countries by main commodity groups (including separately for mutual trade of agricultural products) and Kazakhstan's share in it; production and yield of crops and livestock products, their effectiveness (assessment of the level of agricultural output per 1 engaged in this sector); government support and subsidies for farmers, as well as absolute and relative values of investment volumes in Kazakhstan's AIC. The study revealed that Kazakhstan's share in the CU food market is insignificant, and also the low competitiveness of domestic agriculture, due to the constraints and problems limiting development of the agricultural sector. In order to improve the competitiveness of Kazakh products in the CU food market and increase its share problem-solving recommendations are provided in the article.
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