The article deals with issues and challenges related to the transition of Kazakhstan's economy to industrial-innovative development, including the main causes for low innovation activities of enterprises, and peculiarities of the development of an effective mechanism to finance innovation activities and to strengthen the country's intellectual capital Currently, countries that implement long-term innovative development strategies satisfying the needs of a diverse market have competitive advantages in the market. The present research enables us to identify and analyse problems of formation and development of Kazakhstan's industrial and innovative economy, namely the lack of application of research results in business, inadequate and ineffective funding (both public and private) of innovation activities, as well as little support and encouragement for scientists as major participants in innovation activities. It has been concluded that nowhere in the world has a national innovation system been formed by the market or private sector alone. Kazakhstan is not an exception. Therefore, the state must play the leading role in both promoting the results of R&D and innovation activities in the market and creating the national innovation system.

Abstract. Technology and innovation are viewed as triggers in the move towards greener economy. Commercialisation of green technologies does not only provide the key drivers for economic growth but are also essential for the world to be sustainable. Th e central idea of this paper is to address the query of what is known about green technological outputs. In particular, we look at the existing body of literature related to commercialization of green technologies, identifying the most active scholars, journals and relevant publications. Th e paper provides some answers to the questions of top journals with the papers related to commercialization of green technology, a number of articles with the highest number of citations, or the list of countries with the most of studies in green technologies. Th e paper has both academic and policy-making value . From the academic perspective the study identifi es the scholars who have contributed most to the research on commercialisation of green technologies. For policy-makers, this paper is a report on the existing practices and positive experience in responsible leadership. Additionally for practitioners, the study shows which subject areas create profi table growth in compliance with environmental sustainability and good corporate citizenship.

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Abstract. Th e interest in the problems of environmental protection and, in particular, reverse logistics, results primarily from the growing awareness for environmental issues in the society as well as applicable and changing legal regulations. Th e representatives of various areas of social and economic life understood as intersector cooperation is becoming more and more desirable also in relation to environmental protection. Reverse logistics begins to be in the centre of activities carried out by inter-sector partnerships, through such actions as reuse of packages, minimising energy consumption and pollution connected with transport and recycling of package discards, among others. Th is article aims at showing the application of reverse logistics in the activities undertaken within the framework of inter-sector cooperation in Poland, by entities of social economics(social cooperatives). Th e case study method is applied.

The high level of logistics development positively affects many socio-economic indicators of the country’s economic development, such as inflation rates, productivity indicators, etc. Increasing productivity through the use of logistics at enterprises has a positive impact on the competitiveness in global markets, as well as on profit level. The aim of this article is to analyze the evolution of productivity in rail transport among several countries from 1997 to 2016. We use a non-parametric approach that allows us to change the performance and efficiency of the transport infrastructure. The main indicators of rail transport should be divided into variations of efficiency and technical changes. The results indicate that productivity growth is concentrated in the last period (1997-2016), when most countries conducted reform processes. This increase in productivity occurred mainly due to technical progress. We also analyze the correlation analysis to determine the factors most influencing the effectiveness. In contrast to similar articles, we justified that the higher the autonomy and financial independence, the higher the level of efficiency and technical change in the infrastructure of the railway transport.