Xerostomia is frequent and has a negative impact on QOL of adolescents with DM1.

DM1 showed to be predictive of a high prevalence of xerostomia in adolescents. Caries experience and xerostomia showed to have a negative impact on the OHQoL of adolescents with DM1.

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Background: Poor oral health status may have an impact on the health status of patients with chronic renal failure. Aim: To describe the oral health status of a group of Brazilian patients with chronic renal failure. Material and methods: Retrospective review of the medical records of patients with chronic renal failure, of whom 13 (4.5%) were in a pre dialysis stage, 158 (55%) were on hemodialysis, 23 (8.4%) were on peritoneal dialysis and 92 (32.1%) were transplanted. General oral health, presence of dental calculus, and halitosis were recorded. The number of decayed, missed and filled teeth was analyzed by means of DMF-T (Decayed, Missed and Filled Teeth) index. Results: The sample was composed of 152 men (53%) and 134 women (47%), aged 42±13 years. Oral health status was considered defective in most patients (83%). Eighty-seven percent had dental calculus and 55% had halitosis. Transplant patients reported significantly less halitosis (40.2%) than the rest of the groups. The DMF-T for the whole population was 20.6 and had a positive correlation with age. Conclusions: This group of patients with chronic renal failure presented a poor oral health status. Dental treatment programs for these patients should be implemented to avoid the exposure to dental pathogens (Rev Méd Chile 2008; 136: 741-6).

Both bulk-fill flowable and regular nanofilled composites showed good clinical performances for the restoration of NCCLs after 1 year.

Chlorhexidine reduces the TS counts in TTBPE, but has no effect on biofilm mass.

No abstract

The current assumption that Candida albicans is a facultatively anaerobic organism has been widely accepted since its recovery from anoxic sites became common. However, the link between anaerobiosis and virulence remains uncertain. This study investigated the differential cell-surface hydrophobicity (CSH) using a hydrocarbon/water partition technique and analysed the differential secretion rates of secretory aspartyl proteases (Saps), esterase, chondroitinase and haemolysins of C. albicans strains recovered from periodontal pockets and non-periodontium-related intra-oral sites. For the enzymic tests, all strains from both sets were grown under aerobic and anaerobic conditions and the harvested cells were inoculated onto suitable normal or pre-reduced culture media in the presence or absence of molecular oxygen, respectively. The results showed that no variations were perceptible for CSH and chondroitinase (P .0.05). The secretion rates of esterase and haemolysins strongly decreased in an anoxic environment (P ,0.0001). However, a consistent increment (P ,0.0001) in Sap secretion was detected when cultures were grown under anaerobic conditions. Based on these results, it is suggested that the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere surrounding cells exerts a variable influence on the virulence attributes of C. albicans. INTRODUCTIONThe dimorphic fungus Candida albicans is the most commonly found eukaryotic micro-organism in the human oral cavity. The importance of this species in many oral mucosal diseases is well-known (McCullough et al., 1996) and most of the niches colonized by this fungus exhibit an oxygen tension and redox potential (E h ) compatible with those detected in environmental conditions favourable for the growth of aerobic or, in some instances, facultative organisms. One of the pioneering efforts to evaluate the possibility of anaerobic growth of C. albicans is attributed to Szawatkowski & Hamilton-Miller (1978), who reported that aerobically cultivable strains could also grow in the complete absence of atmospheric oxygen. Nowadays, even the mating behaviour of C. albicans during anaerobiosis is known (Dumitru et al., 2007).C. albicans has the ability to regulate individual complexes and partition electron flux among the classical respiratory chain, the parallel respiratory chain and an alternative oxidase, which allows its cells to modify their energy and redox status in order to ensure survival (Ruy et al., 2006). In the complete absence of oxygen, C. albicans cells may also use a fermentative pathway (Ogasawara et al., 2006), which implies a reduction in cell division rates.In recent years, interest in the lifestyle of Candida species in anoxic sites has increased. In the field of dentistry, many groups have shown that C. albicans is found in several oral niches that are not considered aerobic, such as periodontal pockets (Reynaud et al., 2001), radicular dentinal walls (Siqueira et al., 2002), infected root canals (Baumgartner et al., 2000), sites of apical periodontitis (Waltimo et al., 1997)...