The
1,4-dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) is one
of the key coenzymes that participates in various metabolic processes
including maintaining the redox balance. Early information on the
imbalance of NADH is crucial in the context of diagnosing the pathogenic
conditions. Thus, a dual-channel fluorescent probe (MQN) is developed for tracking of NADH/NAD(P)H in live cells. In the
presence of NADH, only it showed emission signals at 460 and 550 nm
upon excitation at 390 and 450 nm, respectively. The probe could provide
accurate information on NADH levels in cancer cells (HeLa) and normal
cells (WI-38). We observed that the NADH level in cancer cells (HeLa)
is relatively higher than that in normal WI-38 cells. We received
similar information on NADH upon calibrating with a commercial NADH
kit. Moreover, we evaluated substrate-specific NADH expression in
the glycolysis pathway and oxidative phosphorylation process. Also,
the dual-channel probe MQN has visualized NADH manipulation
in the course of depletion of GSH to maintain cellular redox balance.
This dual-channel molecular probe MQN comes out as a
new detection tool for NADH levels in live cells and tumor mimic spheroids.
The study investigates the influence of bis(3‐triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfide (TESPT) grafted nanosilica (NS) reinforcement on the mechanical, viscoelastic, thermal, and transport characteristics as well as behavior after exposure to different cumulative γ‐radiation doses of EPDM‐CIIR blends for application in nuclear and hydrocarbon environments. The tensile strength and modulus of the nanocomposites were enhanced upto 64% and 118%, respectively whereas solvent diffusion coefficient reduced by 22%. The degradation onset temperature improved from 485°C for unfilled blends to 503°C for the nanocomposites. γ‐radiation aging resistance of EPDM‐CIIR blends improved with incorporation of nanosilica, with blends containing 7.5phrNS showing optimum properties and radiation aging resistance. The property improvements are attributed to the dispersion of NS and chemically interfaced covalent linkages between SiO2‐EPDM/CIIR chains that provides large interfacial area for effective stress transfer and creates barrier to free radical and solvent permeation. The applicability of Korsmeyer‐Peppas, Peppas‐Sahlin, and Higuchi models to predict of sorption behavior are investigated. Coats‐Redfern and Horowitz‐Metzger models were employed to evaluate the activation energy for thermal degradation. Slight decline in properties at higher nanofiller contents was due to the formation of agglomerates. TEM, FTIR, and rheological curves were utilized to corroborate these observations. FTIR and ESR analysis provided insight on the chemical changes in the nanocomposites after irradiation.
Antiproliferative activity was confirmed in the various extracts of rhizomes of Hedychium flavescens (Zingiberaceae). The phytochemical investigation of the rhizomes of Hedychium flavescens led to the isolation of four labdane diterpenes. Their structures were established as coronarin E (1), C-14 epimers of isocoronarin D (2), C-15 epimers of coronarin D methyl ether (3) and isocoronarin D (4). The structure of the compounds was identified based on spectroscopic analysis and on comparison with literature reports. All these compounds were assessed for their in vitro cytotoxicity against human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cell line and showed significant cytotoxicity as reflected in IC 50 value, that is, 0.52, 0.59, 0.68 and 1.22 μM compared with the control doxorubicin (IC 50 0.92 μM). Moreover, all the compounds were nontoxic towards the normal lung fibroblast (WI-38) cells. The chemo-profiling and cytotoxicity study of Hedychium flavescens is reported for the first time.
A focus on evaluating anticancer potency of various extracts of the heartwood of
Calocedrus decurrens against human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cell
line was performed using in vitro MTT assay. The hexane extract displayed
excellent cytotoxic effect, and the phytochemical investigation of the hexane
and acetone extracts resulted in the isolation of five major compounds. The
structure of the compounds was established as libocedrol (1),
thymoquinone (2), libocedroquinone (3), diethylphthalate
(4), and (1 R, 2 R,
4 R)-p-menthane-1,2,4-triol (5). Compounds 4 and
5 are reported for the first time from the Calocedrus genus.
Compounds 1–3 were evaluated for their cytotoxicity
against the lung cancer cell line along with a healthy control. Compound
3 was more potent than other compounds against the A549 cell line
with an IC50 of 4.8 µM at 24 h. Moreover,
compound 3 exhibited less toxicity with the normal lung fibroblast cell
line WI-38. This is the first anticancer study of the species Calocedrus
decurrens.
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