Pulp stones are usually found in the pulp chamber. Radiographically, they appear as radiopaque structures in the pulp chambers or root canals of individual teeth. Generalized pulp stones throughout the dentition are usually associated with systemic or genetic disorders of the dentine. This report presents an unusual case of a 13-year-old girl with generalized pulp stones with clinically normal crowns. The patient’s main complaint was a crossbite affecting all permanent canines. Radiographic examination revealed multiple pulp stones and several teeth with atypically shaped roots. Orthodontic treatment, gingivoplasty, and esthetic restorations were performed, thus using a multidisciplinary approach to establish functionally and esthetically sound dentition. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:210-214)
Objective: To compare the adhesive pre-coated (APC) flash-free (FF) appliance system (3M Unitek) with an operator-coated (OC) system (Transbond XT Light Cure Adhesive Paste; 3M Unitek) in terms of bond failure, bracket survival, and chair time. Methods: This single-center study was planned with 30 non-extraction patients, 22 females and 8 males with an average age of 17 years and 5 months. A split-mouth design was used, and bonding time, failed brackets, reasons for failure, and adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were noted. The data were analyzed with the chi-square, Kaplan-Meier, log-rank, and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: OC and FF adhesive-coated brackets demonstrated bond failure rates of 0.7% and 3.0%, respectively. Failure rates and survival rates presented a statistically significant difference (p=0.033). Although higher bond failure for the lower arch along with higher bond failure for the incisor teeth compared with the premolar teeth were found, these findings were not statistically significant (p=0.128; p=0.261, respectively). The effect of gender on the bond failure rate (p=0.463) and survival rate (p=0.473) was not statistically significant. A significant difference was obtained for the ARI scores (p=0.011). The bonding time for each bracket type (64.43 seconds for FF versus 98.97 seconds for OC) demonstrated a significant difference (p=0.174). Conclusion: The bond failure rate was higher for the FF APC brackets, but the chair time reduction during bonding was recorded. Therefore, it seems that FF APC brackets are promising. Trial registration: ISRCTNand ISRCTN26731749. Registered October 7, 2020-Retrospectively registered, https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN26731749.
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disorder characterized by progressive muscular atrophy and weakness. Nusinersen treatment has been paid by insurance for SMA 2 and 3 patients since February 2019 in Turkey. The aim of our study is to share the nusinersen experience of our patients. Spinal muscular atrophy 2 and-3 patients were retrospectively screened for age, gender, onset time of symptoms, age at genetic diagnosis, age of beginning nusinersen treatment and initial Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale-Expanded (HFMSE) scores, treatment side effects, and current status of treatment. Patient data for 8 male (5 SMA 2, 3 SMA 3) and 3 female patients (3 SMA 2) are presented. Two of the SMA 2 patients could sit with support, while the rest could sit unsupported. All SMA 3 patients could walk. The mean age was 62.38 ±39.38 months for SMA 2 and 125.67 ±74.66 months for SMA 3, mean age of diagnosis was 22.12 ±9.73 and 120.66 ±69.17 and mean initial treatment age was 58.50 ±38.05 and 127.33 ±76.83 months, respectively. Mean HFMSE score before treatment was identified as 12 ±7.03 for SMA 2, and 53 ±16.82 for SMA 3. SMA 2 patients received a mean of 3 ±1.3 doses, while SMA 3 patients all received one dose of nusinersen treatment. None of our patients were observed to have serious side effects causing cessation of treatment.
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