Objective:To analyze the factors influencing behavior of women in choosing contraceptive methods. Material and Methods:A total of 4022 women who were admitted to our clinic in a year, were the subjects in this current study for contraception choices. Relationship between the current contraceptive choice and the age, marital status, educational level, gravidity and induced abortions were evaluated.Results: Current users of any contraceptive methods were found to make up thirty-three percent of the entire study population. The most preferred method of contraception was an intrauterine device (46.4%), followed by, condom (19.2%), coitus interruptus (16.4%), tubal sterilization (11%), oral contraceptives (5.7%) and lastly the "other methods" that consisted of depot injectables and implants (1.2%). Among other contraceptive methods, the condom was found to be used mostly by the younger age group (OR:0.956, 95% CI:0.936-0.976, p<0.001), while tubal sterilization was preferred mainly by the elderly population (p<0.001, OR:1.091, 95% CI:1.062-1.122). Women that have a higher educational level, were found to use OC (76.3%, OR:5.970, 95% CI:3.233-11.022), tubal sterilization (59.6%, OR:4.110, 95% CI:2.694-6.271) and other methods (62.5%, OR:3.279, 95% CI:1.033-10.402) more commonly than the low educational group (p<0.001). Conclusion:These results demonstrated that the rates of both contraception utilization and the usage of more effective methods of contraception need to be increased by providing better family planning systems and counselling opportunities. Abstract ÖzetOriginal Investigation 102

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Objective: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and role of high-sensitivity troponin T in children with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and also the correlation of troponin T levels with symptoms, and echocardiographic findings were analysed. Methods: Two hundred and fourteen patients with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between the dates of 28 March and 15 August 12020 were enrolled in this retrospective single-centre study. Patients with comorbidities and diagnosed as multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children were excluded. Demographic data, clinical and laboratory parameters were evaluated. The patients were classified and compared according to the troponin positivity. The correlation of troponin T with symptoms and echocardiographic findings was analysed. Results: The most common symptoms in the whole study group were fever (53.3%) and cough (24.8%). Troponin T levels were elevated in 15 (7%) patients. The most common symptom in patients with troponin positivity was also fever (73.3%). Troponin T positivity was significantly higher in patients under the age of 12 months and troponin T levels were negatively correlated with age. C-reactive protein levels were elevated in 77 (36%) of the patients in the whole group and 7 (46.7%) of 15 patients with troponin positivity. C-reactive protein levels were similar between groups. Conclusion: Routine troponin screening does not yield much information in previously healthy paediatric COVID-19 patients without any sign of myocardial dysfunction. Elevated troponin levels may be observed but it is mostly a sign of myocardial injury without detectable myocardial dysfunction in this group of patients.

oranı alınan maddenin cinsine, miktara, hastanın önceki sağlık durumuna, nakilde geçen süreye, solunum desteği, entübasyon ve ventilatörden ayrılma ile ilgili faktörlere bağlı olmakla birlikte, ortalama %3-25 arasındadır (2).Burada nöbet ve bilinç bulanıklığı ile acil servise başvuran öykü-sünde organofosfat zehirlenmesi olmasa da klinik bulgulardan şüphe edilerek tedavisi başlanan ve yatışının üçüncü gününde taburcu olan 13 yaşında kız hasta sunulmuştur. GİRİŞ ÖZZehirlenme olguları acil servislerde sıkça karşılaşılan önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Zehirlenmelere akut süreçte müdaha-lede gecikme artmış mortalite ve morbiditeye neden olabilir. Organik fosfor bileşikleri tüm dünyada yaygın olarak tarımda, evlerde, bahçelerde, veterinerlikte ve kimyasal silah yapımında kullanılmaktadır. Yılda yaklaşık 3 milyon insan organofosfatlara maruz kalmakta ve 300 bine yakını ölmektedir. Olgumuzda daha önce bilinen hastalığı olmayan jeneralize tonik klonik nöbet geçirme sonrası acile başvuran 13 yaşında kız hasta sunulmuştur. Hastanın zehirlenme öyküsü olmamasına rağmen klinik ve laboratuvar bulgularının organofosfat intoksikasyonu özellikleri taşıması nedeniyle verilen atropin ve pralidoksim tedavilerine dramatik cevap alınmıştır. Hasta daha sonradan intihar amaçlı böcek ilacı içtiğini itiraf etmiştir. Acil servise başvurularda özellikle daha önceden sağlıklı çocuklarda abdominal kramplar, lakrimasyon ve salivasyon artışı, solunum sıkıntısı, aritmi, anksiyete, nöbet, bilinç bulanıklığı görülmesi durumunda organofosfat zehirlenmeleri akla gelmelidir.Anahtar Sözcükler: Kolinerjik semptomlar, Nöbet, Organofosfat zehirlenmesi ABSTRACTPoisoning is an important health problem that is common in emergency services. Delay in intervention in the acute process of poisoning can lead to increased mortality and morbidity. Organic phosphorus compounds are widely used in agriculture, in houses, in gardens, in veterinary medicine and in chemical weapons production all around the world. Approximately 3 million people are exposed to organophosphates per year and nearly 300 thousand die. We present a 13-year-old previously healthy girl with generalized tonic clonic seizures. Although there was no pertinent poisoning history, the diagnosis was made based on the clinical signs and the dramatic response to atropine and pralidoxime treatments. After the resolution of the symptoms, the patient confessed that she had attempted suicide with an insecticide. Emergency organophosphate intoxication should be considered especially if abdominal cramps, increased lacrimation and salivation, respiratory distress, arrhythmia, anxiety, seizure, and decreased consciousness are observed in previously healthy children.

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate clinical and surgical outcomes of children with subaortic stenosis, to determine the risk factors for surgery and reoperation and to compare isolated subaortic stenosis and those concomitant with CHDs. Methods: The study involved 80 children with subaortic stenosis. The patients were first classified as isolated and CHD group, and the isolated group was further classified as membranous/fibromuscular group. The initial, pre-operative, post-operative and the most recent echocardiographic data, demographic properties and follow-up results of the groups were analysed and compared. The correlation of echocardiographic parameters with surgery and reoperation was evaluated. Results: There was a significant male predominance in all groups. The frequency of the membranous type was higher than the fibromuscular type in the whole and the CHD group. The median time to the first operation was 4.6 years. Thirty-five (43.7%) patients underwent surgery, 5 of 35 (14%) patients required reoperation. The rate of surgery was similar between groups, but reoperation was significantly higher in the isolated group. The gradient was the most important factor for surgery and reoperation in both groups. In the isolated group besides gradient, mitral-aortic separation was the only echocardiographic parameter correlated with surgery and reoperation. Conclusion: Reoperation is higher in isolated subaortic stenosis but similar in membranous and fibromuscular types. Early surgery may be beneficial in preventing aortic insufficiency but does not affect the rate of reoperation. Higher initial gradients are associated with adverse outcomes, recurrence and reoperation.

Intracardiac blood cysts are rare congenital malformations most commonly located in the endocardium of semilunar or atrioventricular valves. They are predominantly seen in infants, especially below 2 months of age, and disappear spontaneously in the first 6 months of life making the detection of blood cysts a rare finding in the adult population. Although most patients are asymptomatic, they may occasionally present with obstruction, valvular dysfunction, or embolism. Herein, we present a 2.5‐year‐old female patient, who was successfully treated with surgical excision of an intracardiac blood cyst causing mild‐to‐moderate mitral regurgitation and obstruction.

Aortopulmonary window is a rare cardiac defect, and early management with surgery or transcatheter closure is lifesaving. Here, a 9-month-old patient, who underwent a successful device closure with additional size-Amplatzer duct occlude, is presented to make emphasis that it may be considered as the device of choice for defects in close proximity to aortic valve and/or coronary ostium.