The Relationship of Severity of Autism with Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Serum Zonulin Levels in Autistic Children

Karagözlü, Selen; Dalgıç, Buket; İşeri, Elvan

doi:10.1007/s10803-021-04966-1

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Zonulin, as a marker of intestinal permeability, has been reported to be elevated in many diseases [ 20 , 21 , 28 , 30 ]. In addition, increasing evidence indicates the important role of Gd-IgA1 in the pathogenesis of IgAN and IgAV-N [ 2 , 31 , 32 ], and circulating Gd-IgA1 levels have been proposed as a useful noninvasive diagnostic biomarker for IgAN [ 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zonulin, known as a regulator of epithelial and endothelial barrier functions, can reversibly increase intestinal permeability, activate the complement pathway (C3a and C5a) and promote the inflammatory response [ 35 , 36 ]. Recently, several studies have shown that serum zonulin levels were elevated in patients with gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal diseases, including type 1 diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, non-coeliac gluten sensitivity, ulcerative colitis, Kawasaki disease, irritable bowel syndrome, acne rosacea and autism [ 14 , 17 , 20 , 21 , 28 , 30 , 37 ]. In this study, compared with healthy controls, elevated circulating zonulin levels were detected in both IgAV-N patients and IgAN patients, probably suggesting impaired intestinal permeability in IgAV-N and IgAN, which was also supportive of the previously proposed theory that intestinal mucosal immunity might play an important role in the pathogenesis of both IgAV-N and IgAN.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zonulin, as a marker of intestinal permeability, is elevated in IgA nephropathy and IgA vasculitis with nephritis

Yuan

Shi

et al. 2022

Clinical Kidney Journal

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Introduction IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and IgA vasculitis with nephritis (IgAV-N) are considered related diseases and share some similar clinicopathologic phenotypes. Elevated circulating Gd-IgA1-containing immune complexes and mucosal immunity were associated with the pathogenesis of IgAN and IgAV-N. Recently, studies have identified that the zonulin level, as a modulator of intestinal permeability, is significantly elevated in several inflammatory- and autoimmune-related diseases. However, whether zonulin also plays a role in IgAN and IgAV-N is not clear. Method A total of 73 IgAV-N patients, 68 IgAN patients and 54 healthy controls were assessed for circulating zonulin and Gd-IgA1 levels by ELISA. The diagnostic efficiency of the combination of zonulin with Gd-IgA1 was evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) analysis. Results Compared to healthy controls, we found both IgAV-N and IgAN patients had elevated zonulin and Gd-IgA1 levels (P < 0.001). Additionally, patients with IgAV-N presented with even higher circulating zonulin levels than patients with IgAN (P = 0.020). The addition of zonulin to Gd-IgA1 showed better predictive performance than Gd-IgA1 alone in the diagnosis of both IgAN and IgAV-N, as illustrated by a significantly increased AUC (IgAN: 0.805 vs. 0.708, P = 0.0021; IgAV-N: 0.886 vs. 0.673, P < 0.001) and significant IDI (IgAN: IDI, 0.136, P < 0.001; IgAV-N: IDI, 0.281, P < 0.001). Conclusion Elevated circulating zonulin levels were detected in both patients with IgAV-N and IgAN. Combined detection of circulating zonulin and Gd-IgA1 is recommended as a noninvasive diagnostic biomarker for IgAV-N and IgAN.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zonulin, as a marker of intestinal permeability, is elevated in IgA nephropathy and IgA vasculitis with nephritis

Yuan

Shi

et al. 2022

Clinical Kidney Journal

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“…The blood was separated into two parts: the primary, about 1.5 mL, was placed in an EDTA tube and measurements were taken immediately; the rest, about 3.5 mL, was placed in a serum tube, After being allowed at room temperature for 10 minutes to clot, centrifuged at 3000 Xg for 10 minutes to separate the serum, and lastly transferred into fresh disposable tubes and frozen at (-70 C) until analyzed, the serum was spun at 3000 Xg for 10 minutes to separate the serum. [19] The benchmarks that were focused on in the current research were made through the ELISA technique, namely, zonislin, glutathione and TAC, while glucose, creatinine and urea were measured by spectrophotometry. [20] Statistical analysis: The data collated after biochemical analysis were subjected to statistical calculation using statistical software (Megastat).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation the level of zonulin, antioxidant factors and some biochemical parameters in renal failure patients

Shaker¹,

Ali²,

Audah³

2022

ijhs

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The kidneys are important organs similar in shape to beans located on both sides of the spine and their function is to filter water and toxic substances from the blood. The kidneys, like other members of the human body, are exposed to failure due to many factors that ultimately lead to kidney damage. About five millimeters of one hundred samples from dialysis patients were kept in test tubes designated for this purpose, where the samples were stored at appropriate temperature until the required number was completed, the same measures were also taken on the healthy group, which numbered fifty samples, and their ages were approximately equal to the ages of the dialysis patients. As for the results of the current research, it was proved that there was a significant increase in the levels of zonulin and the capacity of total antioxidants, urea, creatinine and glucose in dialysis patients compared to the control group. As for glutathione, there is no significant change.

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“…High serum zonulin levels and impaired intestinal barrier functions have been reported in pediatric patients with mental disorders, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) [ 162 , 163 ]. In addition, positive correlation has been found between zonulin levels and the severity of autism as quantified by Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) scores [ 164 , 165 ].…”

Section: Diseases Associated With Altered Zonulin Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zonulin as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis Disorders: Encouraging Results and Emerging Questions

Veres-Székely

Szász

Pap

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The relationship between dysbiosis and central nervous diseases has been proved in the last 10 years. Microbial alterations cause increased intestinal permeability, and the penetration of bacterial fragment and toxins induces local and systemic inflammatory processes, affecting distant organs, including the brain. Therefore, the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier plays a central role in the microbiota–gut–brain axis. In this review, we discuss recent findings on zonulin, an important tight junction regulator of intestinal epithelial cells, which is assumed to play a key role in maintaining of the blood–brain barrier function. In addition to focusing on the effect of microbiome on intestinal zonulin release, we also summarize potential pharmaceutical approaches to modulate zonulin-associated pathways with larazotide acetate and other zonulin receptor agonists or antagonists. The present review also addresses the emerging issues, including the use of misleading nomenclature or the unsolved questions about the exact protein sequence of zonulin.

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The Relationship of Severity of Autism with Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Serum Zonulin Levels in Autistic Children

Cited by 10 publications

References 34 publications

Zonulin, as a marker of intestinal permeability, is elevated in IgA nephropathy and IgA vasculitis with nephritis

Zonulin, as a marker of intestinal permeability, is elevated in IgA nephropathy and IgA vasculitis with nephritis

Estimation the level of zonulin, antioxidant factors and some biochemical parameters in renal failure patients

Zonulin as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis Disorders: Encouraging Results and Emerging Questions

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