The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence of epilepsy in Turkey among children between the ages of 0 and 16 years. The study population consisted of 24,773,569 children living in Turkey. Because the prevalence of childhood epilepsy is reported to be 0.001 to 1% in the literature, the sample size was determined as 48,260, with 0.05 error type I and 0.10 error type 2 (power 0.90), and the effect size was 2. With the cluster sampling method, samples were selected from cities, towns, districts, and villages, and 46,813 (97%) children were reached. The study questionnaire contained sections with individual informational questions and questions for the selection of suspected epilepsy cases and physical examination results. The epilepsy classification was designed according to the classification of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE). The prevalence of epilepsy was determined as 0.8%; 55.2% of the subjects with epilepsy were grouped as generalized, 39% as partial, and 5.8% as unidentified. Age, place of residence, route of delivery, place of delivery, and social and economic status had no statistically significant effect on the development of epilepsy. Male gender, preterm, and post-term delivery increased the risk of developing epilepsy. Early diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy, as well as the education of health workers and families, are very important.
ÖZETAmaç: Çalışmanın amacı postpartum depresyon (PPD) sıklığı, ilişkili faktör-ler ve yaşam kalitesi üzerine etkisini belirlemektir. ABSTRACT Objective: The aim was to determine the frequency of postpartum depression (PPD), its correlates and the effect on the quality of life. Material and Methods:This study was conducted among 708 mothers having a child aged 2 weeks-18 months. A questionnaire on descriptive features and PPD risk factors; Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale and WHOQOL-BREF quality of life scale were used for the data collection.Results: The rate of PPD frequency was 15%. The gestational age, mental problems and anxiety during pregnancy, emotional changes in the premenstrual period, past depression/PPD history, depression/PPD history in the family, satisfaction with the marriage, thinking that the baby affected the marriage adversely were the factors related with PPD. The quality of life was lower in women with PPD than those without PPD. Conclusion:The frequency of PPD is quite high and PPD is decreasing the quality of life of the mother.
Akılcı olmayan ilaç kullanımının olumsuz etkilerinin önüne geçilebilmesi için toplumun ilaç kullanım özelliklerinin araştırılmasına yönelik bilimsel çalışmaların yapılması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; Ankara il merkezinde üç ilçedeki bazı aile sağlığı merkezlerine başvuran 18 yaş üstü kişilerin ilaç kullanım özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesidir. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipteki araştırma, Ankara il merkezinde üç ilçedeki bazı aile sağlığı merkezlerine başvuran 18 yaş üstü 1990 kişinin katılımıyla anket formu uygulanarak yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların yarısından daha azı bir sağlık sorunuyla karşılaştıklarında sağlık kuruluşuna başvurduğunu belirtmiştir; %78.6'sı evde ilaç bulundurmaktadır ve bunların %40.3'ü ağrı kesicilerdir. Katılımcıların %60.9'u ilaçların kullanma talimatını okuduğunu, %56.9'u reçete ile alınan ilaçları tam olarak kullandığını söylemiştir. Katılımcılardan 55 yaş ve üzerindekilerin %68.9'u, kadınların %63.0'ı, evli olanların %63.3'ü, okuryazar olmayanların %71.2'si, ev kadınlarının %70.6'sı, aylık toplam geliri 1001 TL ile 1500 TL arasında olanların %68.9'u, hanesinde sürekli ilaç kullanan olan katılımcıların %68.8'i doktora istediği ilacı yazdırmayı talep ettiğini belirtmiştir (p<0.05). Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, katılımcıların yaklaşık yarısının herhangi bir sağlık sorunu olduğunda sağlık kuruluşuna başvurmadığı, azımsanamayacak bir kısmının ise evdeki ilaçları kullanma, bitkisel/geleneksel yöntem kullanma gibi yollara başvurduğu saptanmıştır. Akılcı ilaç kullanım ilkeleriyle bağdaşmayan bu gibi davranışların önüne geçilebilmesi için toplumu oluşturan bireylere akılcı ilaç kullanımına yönelik halk eğitimlerinin yapılması gerekmektedir.
This aim of this study was to determine water usage behavior and incidence of diarrhea during the summer months among people in rural areas of Turkey. Information was collected using a questionnaire during face-to-face interviews with people aged 18 years and over in their homes. Diarrhea was detected in 31.7% of the 543 households included in the study in the summer of 2003. The percentage of those living in the study area experiencing at least one bout of diarrhea was 10.0%. The diarrhea episode rate was 18.7%. A logistic regression model of factors that could influence the incidence of diarrhea showed that the reported distance between the septic tank and the well, the total monthly household income and water shortages of longer than 12h had a significant effect on diarrhea incidence (P<0.05). The fact that water shortages are the biggest risk factor for diarrhea points to the need for (i) health education to raise awareness and (ii) the supply of equipment to enable households to use both the first running water after a water shortage and the water they have collected during the shortage as drinking water.
The effect of comorbidity on QoL can be different from the additive effects of the co-occurring diseases. Socioeconomic factors undoubtedly affect the relationship between chronic diseases and QoL, and this relationship points to health inequities among socioeconomic groups.
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