We study experimentally the collision of photorefractive screening solitons in a strontium barium niobate crystal. Depending on the relative phase of the solitons and their intersecting angle, such effects as soliton birth, energy exchange, and soliton fusion have been observed.
We detect trace gases at parts-per-billion levels using evanescent-field absorption spectroscopy in silicon nitride microring resonators coated with a functionalized sorbent polymer. An analysis of the microring resonance line shapes enables a measurement of the differential absorption spectra for a number of vapor-phase analytes. The spectra are obtained at the near-infrared overtone of OH-stretch resonance, which provides information about the toxicity of the analyte vapor.
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