In the Siberian hamster suprachiasmatic nuclei and pars tuberalis of the pituitary, high affinity mt1 melatonin receptors are present. We have previously shown that night applied light pulse induced an increase in mt1 mRNA expression in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of this species, independently of the endogenous melatonin. Here, we report the photic regulation of melatonin receptor density and mRNA expression in the suprachiasmatic nuclei and pars tuberalis of pinealectomized Siberian hamsters and the implication in this control of either the circadian clock or the intergeniculate leaflet. The results show that: (1) A 1-h light pulse, delivered during the night, induces a transitory increase in mt1 mRNA expression in the suprachiasmatic nuclei and pars tuberalis. After 3 h this increase has totally disappeared (suprachiasmatic nuclei) or is greatly reduced (pars tuberalis). (2) The melatonin receptor density, in the suprachiasmatic nuclei, is not affected by 1 or 3 h of light, while it is strongly increased in the pars tuberalis. (3) In hamsters kept in constant darkness, the mt1 mRNA rise is gated to the subjective night in the suprachiasmatic nuclei and pars tuberalis. In contrast, the light-induced increase in melatonin binding is also observed in the subjective day in the pars tuberalis. (4) intergeniculate leaflet lesion totally inhibits the mt1 mRNA expression rise in the suprachiasmatic nuclei, while it has no effect on the light-induced increase in mt1 mRNA in the pars tuberalis. However, the light-induced increase in melatonin receptor density is totally prevented by the intergeniculate leaflet lesion in the pars tuberalis. These results show that: (1) the photic regulations of mt1 mRNA expression and receptor density are independent of each other in both the suprachiasmatic nuclei and pars tuberalis; and (2) the circadian clock and the intergeniculate leaflet are implicated in the photic regulation of melatonin receptors but their level of action differs totally between the suprachiasmatic nuclei and pars tuberalis.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

We evaluated the effectiveness of transcervical resection of the endometrium (TCRE) and the indications of late reoperations in 250 women with dysfunctional bleeding. The women were questioned about symptoms and levels of satisfaction 3, 12, 24, 36, and 48 months after the procedure. Average follow-up was 24 months (range 4-48 mo). Repeat resection was performed in 8 women (3.2%) and hysterectomy in 13 (5.2%). Seven women (2.8%) had reoperation because of recurrent unacceptable vaginal bleeding. Late onset of pain occurred in 14 (5.6%). The success rate at 3 months as measured by patient satisfaction was 97% and at 4 to 45 months 91%. A definite subgroup of women developed late onset of pain with or without bleeding after endometrial resection. Results at 3 months did not necessarily correlate with longer-term outcomes. Provided that the surgeon has extensive training, few women will be dissatisfied with the procedure.

Patients with cirrhosis of the liver are at high risk of a large variety of complications. Especially the development of portal hypertension, followed by gastroesophageal varicosis and ascites are potentially life threatening problems. In the treatment of gastroesophageal varicosis primary prophylaxis to prevent a first bleeding episode, acute therapy for bleeding varices, and secondary prophylaxis to prevent patients from rebleeding have to be considered. While treating patients with ascites the high frequency of side effects induced by diuretics has to be taken into account. In addition, the diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis must not be missed. Hepatorenal syndrome, a typical complication of advanced cirrhosis is especially difficult to treat and is considered an indication for liver transplantation.

No abstract

ergeh~ sich in genann~er ,Bemerkung" wegen meiner angeblichen ,,Anklage" gegen seine Methode des Quecksilbernachweises in thierisehen Substanzem Von einer solehen ,Anklage" der UnzuverlassJgkeit kann meinerseits um so weniger die Rede sein, als ich in meiner Arbeit ja angegeben babe, dass die E. Ludwig'sehe Methode, wenn auch in tier yon Ftirbringer-8ehridde raodifidrtenWeise, in den yon mir veranlassten Untersuehungen zur Anwendung gekommen ist. Gegen diese Modification ist bisher von keiner 8eite Einsprueh erhoben, und daher wie es scheint aueh yon tterrn E. Ludwig deren Werth zugegeben; ihr liegt abet das Ludwig'sche Verfahren zu G~'unde. Ich bin demnach der Letzte, we]chef die grosspn Verdienste des Herrn E. Ludwig nm den Nachweis des Quecksilbers in thierischen Sub-s~anzen nicht anerkennen sollte. Aus den hiesigen Analysen tiber die Ausscheidung des Quecksilbers, die noch fortgesetzt werden, kam ich bis jetz~ zu dem Resutta~e, dass s~ch 8 ~onate nach Beendigung des selbst 50matige Anwendung der grauen Salbe umfhssenden Xur das Quecksilber weder im Ham, noch in den Faces nachweisen liess. Das Quec]