New stability indicating reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method is developed for the determination of Imiquimod and its impurities. Separation is achieved on a C18 column (Inertsil-ODS3 4.6 × 250 mm, 5 µm) using gradient elution mode with mobile phase-A having disodium hydrogen phosphate buffer (10 mM) with 0.1% v/v triethyl amine and pH adjusted to 6.0 with ortho-phosphoric acid while mobile phase-B consist of an equal mixture of methanol and acetonitrile. The flow rate was optimized to 1.2 mL/min and column oven temperature 30°C. Detection was carried out at wavelength 226 nm. This developed method is then validated as per International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) guideline and found out to be linear, accurate, specific, selective, precise, and robust. The drug is also subjected to forced degradation using
Original Research Articlestress conditions of acid-base hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis and thermal degradation. Considerable degradation was found out only in harsh condition of oxidative degradation where degradation impurity is also predicted. All degradation products were well separated. Test solution was found to be stable for 24 hrs. The method can be successfully applied for the determination of Imiquimod and its impurities in routine and stability samples.
In this study, Aluminum oxide nanoparticles were evaluated for Cd (II) removal from aqueous solution by batch adsorption method. The batch experiments showed that Aluminum oxide nanoparticles can be effectively used to remove Cd (II) from aqueous solution. Maximum removal of Cd (II) was obtained at pH=6 and adsorption equilibrium was achieved in 30 min. The adsorption kinetics well fitted using pseudo second-order kinetic model. The heavy metals sorption has been well explained using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm model.The results indicated that the high adsorption capacity of Aluminum oxide nanoparticles makes them promising material for heavy metal ions removal from water samples.
The Kinetic of oxidation of Furosemideby potassium permanganate has been studied in the presence of acidic medium. The reaction is first order with respect to KMnO 4 as well as Furosemideconcentration. The reaction rate has been determined at different temperature and different thermodynamic parameters have been calculated which shows that the reaction rate increase with increase in temperature. With increase in the concentration of acid the reaction rate increases. A suitable mechanism has been proposed.
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