Both 'unstained' and 'de stained' sections can be used for rapid screening of sclerotic bodies. 'De stained' sections can be used as a suitable substitute for special stains for confirmation and for retrospective review of all verrucous lesions to diagnose the missed lesion. Clinical suspicion is very important in the diagnosis of chromoblastomycosis as it helps pathologist to screen for diagnostic sclerotic bodies.
Background: Diagnosis of extra pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is difficult due to its nonspecific signs and symptoms and paucibacillary nature. Early diagnosis and institution of appropriate therapy is essential to reduce the morbidity. The aim of the study was to study correlation between clinical findings, cytological/histological findings of EPTB with other laboratory parameters such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), acid fast bacilli (AFB) status on Ziehl Neelson (ZN) stained sections /smears and serum adenosine de aminase (ADA) levels.Methods: All histologically and cytologically diagnosed cases of EPTB were included in the study and were examined for AFB on ZN stained smears and correlated with clinical findings and laboratory parameters such as ESR and serum ADA levels.Results: A total number of 230 cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis were studied. Most common site of EPTB was lymph nodes. The most common age group affected was 3rd and 4th decade. Over half of the patients were females with male to female ratio 1:1.03. Majority had elevated ESR and caseating granuloma and only minority showed AFB positivity. Serum adenosine de aminase levels were raised in 83.3% (45 out of 54 cases). Majority of cases of EPTB with raised serum ADA levels had elevated ESR but negative for acid fast bacilli.Conclusions: Both histopathology (including cytology smears) as well as Ziehl Neelsen smears for acid fast bacilli are an “independent” diagnostic parameter and still be considered as “gold standard” while serum ADA levels are most valuable surrogate parameter.
Chondroblastoma of squamous part of temporal bone is a very rare bone tumor. Although most of them are benign, the prognosis is not predictable. A 14-year-old girl presented with recurrent slowly growing mass over the right side of the temporo-parietal region of skull vault. Initial curettage material showed extensive chondroid areas and diagnosed histologically as “enchondroma.” Histology of completely excised recurrent mass showed identifiable chondroblastic foci. She was followed up for 3 years and was free from recurrence. Chondroblastomas at very rare sites such as squamous part of temporal bone have variable histology, confusing with other giant cell lesions, variable prognosis, and require prompt diagnosis and complete excision.
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