Fossil fuel is the main energy resource in Indonesia with oil as the dominant fuel (44.1% of primary energy consumption) in 2017. But fossil fuel is not environmentally friendly and non-renewable. Thus, there is a need for alternative renewable fuels such as biodiesel. Biodiesel from nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) oil can provide a promising future as a renewable fuel resource. The used of CaO catalyst from eggshell waste is also profitable, and microwave radiation can help the biodiesel production process run more effectively. Optimization of parameters such as microwave power, catalyst concentration, and transesterification time was performed by using Box-Behnken design. Combinations between biodiesel production from nyamplung oil with CaO catalyst using microwave and treated with Box-Behnken design is considered a new and modern method with optimization of the parameters which affect the transesterification process. The result showed that at a microwave power of 325.24 W, a concentration of catalyst of 3.88%, and a transesterification time of 12.47 min can produce an optimal yield of biodiesel of 98.9079% with the reliability of 92.37%.

Biodiesel has become a promising renewable energy resource in recent years due mainly to the fluctuating global oil prices. Calophyllum inophyllum L seed has fairly high oil content of about 40-73 % by weight, thus, making it a great potential as raw material for producing biodiesel. This paper aims to study the effect of the microwave irradiation for biodiesel production from Calophyllum inophyllum L oil when solid CaCO3 catalysts made from waste eggshells and synthetic were employed. Furthermore, the effects of operating conditions, including reaction time, microwave power, and amount of catalyst loading were also investigated. The initial step to produce Calophyllum inophyllum L biodiesel was degumming process, followed by the esterification and trans-esterification, respectively. The catalysts used are CaCO3 synthetic and eggshell. The results of production biodiesel from Calophyllum inophyllum L oil give the highest yield of 65.36 % when performed with the microwave power of 300 Watt, 1 % eggshell catalyst and the reaction time of 10 minutes. Therefore, Calophyllum inophyllum L shown as potential biodiesel feedstock.

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