Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) as a non-timber forest product (NTFP) has many advantages compared to other food crops. In order to the cultivation aspect and excellence of the flour, it made this commodity a food sources in the future. Today, technical post-harvest processing become the current problems especially in getting optimum glucomannan. With increasing levels of glucomannan, it made the utilization and marketing of flour will be wider. This study aims to optimize of purification techniques of glucomannan. The research method is through soaking techniques with ethanol (30%, 40% and 50%) and sodium bisulfite (2%, 3% and 4%). The results showed that the leaching technique ethanol made a significant effect on the increase in glucomannan levels. The immersion technique with 50% ethanol and 2% sodium bisulfite can increase glucomannan from 32.65% to 83.96%. The process of soaking with ethanol not affects the content of ferrum (Fe) and calcium (Ca) in porang flour. ABSTRAK Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) sebagai salah satu jenis hasil hutan bukan kayu (HHBK) memiliki berbagai keunggulan dibandingkan dengan tanaman pangan lainnya. Berdasarkan aspek budidaya dan kandungan tepungnya, jenis komoditi ini bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber pangan masa depan. Teknik pengolahan pasca panen menjadi permasalahan saat ini terutama dalam mendapatkan kadar glukomanan optimal. Ragam pemanfaatan dan pemasaran tepung porang akan semakin terbuka lebar dengan meningkatnya kadar glukomanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan teknik pemurnian glukomanan yang optimal. Metode penelitian adalah melalui teknik perendaman dengan etanol (30%, 40%, dan 50%) dan natrium bisulfit (2%, 3%, dan 4%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teknik perendaman dengan etanol yang dilakukan berpengaruh nyata terhadap peningkatan kadar glukomanan. Pencucian dengan etanol 50% dan NaHSO 3 2% dapat meningkatkan glukomanan dari 32,65% menjadi 83,96%. Proses perendaman dengan etanol tidak mempengaruhi kandungan zat besi (Fe) dan kalsium (Ca) tepung porang.
Wood is potential biomass with various benefits such as is utilizing them for liquid smoke raw material. Consequently, research on liquid smoke by pyrolysis should be conducted intensively to gain necessary information on the active content and utilization of the liquid smoke. This research is aimed to determine characteristics and potential utilization of liquid smoke made from trema, nani, merbau, matoa and malas wood. Research was conducted by pyrolysis process at 500°C for 5 hours and the liquid smoke was collected in container for analyzes. Analysis of liquid smoke characteristics included pH, specific gravity, acetic acid, phenol and other chemical component content using py-GCMS. The result showed that the pH ranged from 2.68 to 4.34, specific gravity ranged from 0.83 to 1.04, acetate 0.65-13.09%, and phenol content 0.19-2.50%. GCMS analysis showed chemical component diversity and its main component as identity of specific liquid smoke from five wood species confirmed were acetic acid (acetic acid, ethylic acid), phenolic (phenol, 2,6-dimethoxy (CAS) 2,6-dimethoxyphenol), and carbamic acid. The chemical component of liquid smoke is expected to be applied in wide variety of products based on product's perspective, objectives and product targets that would be achieved.
Biomass resource mainly from forest industries waste such as oil palm empty fruit bunches (TKKS) is
ABSTRAKSumber daya biomassa terutama dari limbah industri kehutanan seperti tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) tersedia melimpah. Saat ini pemanfaatan TKKS sebagai produk pirolisis masih terbatas pada produk arang, arang aktif, dan briket arang. Di sisi lain penelitian pembuatan bio-oil dari biomassa menggunakan metode pirolisis cepat menghasilkan produk yang mengandung hidrokarbon dan nilai kalor yang meningkat, akan tetapi jumlah katalis yang digunakan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan biomassa. Tulisan ini mempelajari data dan informasi karakteristik bio-oil dari tandan kosong kelapa sawit melalui penambahan katalis Ni/NZA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penambahan 6% katalis menghasilan bio-oil yang optimal, yaitu rendemen sebesar 30,27%, pH 2,94, berat jenis 1,068, viskositas 44 cSt, nilai kalor 29,38 MJ/kg, dan daya nyala dengan kategori sedang. Bio-oil yang dihasilkan didominasi oleh asam terutama asam asetat, fenol, benzene, atau toluene, serta terdapat senyawa golongan hidrokarbon alkena seperti hexadecene dan hidrokarbon aromatik naphthalene.
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