In this example of large endoprosthetic surgery department in a community-based hospital, the applied hospital ABS programme targeting daptomycin use has shown to be feasible, effective and beneficial compared to no intervention.
This study describes humoral and cell mediated immune (CMI) responses detected in cyclophosphamide (CY) treated animals who were vaccinated with Candida albicans ribosomes and were protected against systemic candidiasis (previous study). Mice treated with CY and vaccinated with C. albicans ribosomes revealed CMI responses towards the ribosomes as measured in vivo by the foot pad swelling test and in vitro by the lymphocyte transformation assay. Both reactions were higher in CY treated and ribosome vaccinated mice than in controls (mice that were only vaccinated). Humoral immune responses were measured by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Anti ribosomal antibody titer contrary to the CMI responses was lower in CY treated animals than in non treated controls. These data point to a possible explanation of the mechanisms underlying the ribosomal vaccinations in CY treated hosts, and show the potential of such vaccinations in compromised individuals.
This study investigated whether subcutaneous vaccination of mice with ribosomes from Candida albicans strain CBS 562 would also provide protection against infections by other isolates of Candida. Experiments with a total of 628 mice demonstrated that vaccination induced significant protection against heterologous C. albicans (serotypes A and B) and C. tropicalis isolates in terms of their 30 day survival rates. In all instances, however, protection was lower than that obtained against the homologous strain. In addition, a significant decrease in fungal colonization of the kidneys was found in immunized animals as compared to the non immunized controls. Cellmediated immune responses against cytoplasmic extracts of the various fungi, as detected in vivo by the foot pad swelling test and in vitro by the lymphocyte transformation assay, were induced by the C albicans ribosomal vaccination. The results show it is possible to induce cross protection to various Candida species by immunization with C albicans ribosomes.
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