The lack of physical activity that is applied in Kindergarten (PAUD) has a bad impact on the future of children. It was revealed that the designed curriculum was more dominant in the development of academic achievement. The study purpose was to develop basic movement skills in kindergarten students based on physical literacy. Materials and methods. The method used in this study was research and development methods using quantitative and qualitative settings. With a population of all kindergarten teachers in Cilacap Regency which amounted to 1,387 teachers from 350 kindergartens, the sample used was 52 teachers who were taken by proportional sampling. The data analysis technique used in his study was descriptive quantitative data analysis techniques with percentages. Results. The research findings show that each item of the statement of physical activity variables in developing students' basic movements can be seen from the average value of 4.205 which is in the very good category scale range. The statement that has the smallest average value in statement number 2 is “Do students have enough physical activity at school?” and has a value of 3.827 with a good category. While the highest average in statement number 1 is “Are Kindergarten students' physical activities held at school?” with an average value of 4.423 very good category. Conclusions. Therefore, it can be concluded that "kindergarten students' physical activities held in schools" give a very good impression and are beneficial for kindergarten (PAUD) children for their growth and development.

Coaching in sport is a complex activity where several components influence each other to achieve the goal, especially in team sports. Skills, physical abilities, and tactics are not enough, but with strong character by the players increasingly the chances of achieving team success. Researchers have not found coaching models that aim to improve technical skills and character integrated and proven to be effective. This research aims to find the effectiveness of the games experience learning coaching model to improve passing, receiving, dribbling, shooting technical skills and teamwork, respect, discipline character in a youth football player. This research used experimental methods. The sample was 46 youth football players from some football schools in Sleman District, Yogyakarta Region, Indonesia. Twenty-three players sampled the intervention group and 23 players sampled the control group. Data collection used skill tests for technical skills and observation tests for character players. Skill and character measurements are carried out before and after treatment, where the treatment is carried out for 10 weeks. Data analysis was done with the ANCOVA technique, strengthened by paired t-test using SPSS 22 program. The results of the study are games experience learning base coaching model ( 1) having a significant influence on technical skills and character youth football player, (2) effective to improve skills and character youth football player. The limitation of this study is the interaction activities of players with peers in the environment, with families that researchers cannot control may influence the results of the study. The games experience learning base coaching model can be an alternative that can be used by football coaches in charge of coaching young players. This coaching model is following the youth positive development policy where sports activities not only think about winning but also attention to attitude, life skills, character that can be a provision for the lives of young athletes in the future. The games-experience learning based coaching model requires improvement in some parts of the game to make skill improvement more optimal.

Purpose: This study aims to: 1) Determine the anthropometric factors (height, arm length, foot length) that most determine the ability of men's volleyball jump service. 2) Knowing the biomotor factors (leg muscle power, abdominal muscle strength, arm and shoulder muscle power, eye-hand coordination, togok flexibility and kinesthetic perception) that most determine the ability of men's volleyball jump service. Material and methods. The population of this study were all male athletes of the Volleyball Student Activity with a total of 36 people. The approach taken in this study is a quantitative approach, using a confirmatory factor analysis design. Data were processed and analyzed using the Computerized Statistical Program with the SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solutions) Version 22 system and using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin and Bartlett's Test. Results. Based on the results of the research and the results of the data analysis that has been carried out, the following conclusions are obtained: First, the anthropometric factor that is the most dominant in determining the ability of volleyball jump service for male athletes in the UNS student activity unit is the length of the feet with a value of 0.879. Second, the biomotor factor that most dominantly determines the ability of volleyball jump service for male athletes in the UNS student activity unit is leg muscle power with a value of 0.864. Conclusions. Anthropometric factors and biomotor factors that determine the ability of volleyball jump service to male athletes in the UNS student activity unit consist of seven factors, namely height, arm length, leg length, leg muscle power, abdominal muscle strength, arm muscle power and flexibility, togok.

Objective. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the part and whole combination-based smash training model on smash techniques in volleyball athletes aged 11-12 years.  Materials and method. This study used an experimental field testing method, with a pretest-posttest control group design approach. The participants were 52 male volleyball athletes aged 11-12 years and had an average weight and height of ±36.02 kg and ±144.63cm. The instrument used to measure the smash technique was a volleyball skill test.  Results. The results of the descriptive analysis showed differences in the mean and standard deviation of the conventional group and the experimental group. The average value of the conventional group is 75.562 with a standard deviation of 8.7956, while the average value of the experimental group is 87.492 with a standard deviation of 1.9343. Hypothesis testing conducted using Mann-Whitney analysis found that the value of Asymp sig (2-tailed) was 0.000 <0.05, which indicates that the hypothesis is accepted.  Conclusions. Knowing the descriptive results and hypothesis testing, it is concluded that the experimental group experienced a significant improvement and was better than the conventional group. Based on the category of posttest average result assessment, the experimental group was included in the very good category. In other words, the experimental group was very competent. On this basis, this research can be used as a reference in training smash techniques for volleyball athletes at the beginner age.

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Exercise is the right of every human being, and the government as stipulated in the law has an obligation to facilitate the community in exercising, therefore what the government has done should be evaluated to correct what policies are not true or lacking. This study aims to find out and evaluate: 1) availability of open space for sports in the metro city; 2) availability of sports human resources in the metro city; 3) the level of community participation in sports in the metro city; 4) level of people's physical fitness in the metro city; 5) sports development index (SDI) in the metro city. This research method using the quantitative method. The sample was 270 people from 3 sub-districts using cluster sampling technique. The instruments used were questionnaires, interviews, as well as Multistage Fitness Test. The results of this study were: 1) the index of open space in the metro city was 0.712 in the SDI norm into the medium or enough category; 2) the human resource index in the metro city was 0.00104 in the SDI norms in the low category; 3) the index of participation in the metro city was 0.474 in the SDI norms in the low category; 4) physical fitness index in the metro city is 0.33 in the SDI norms in the low category; 5) SDI in the metro city was of 0.379 in the SDI norm included in the low category. That means the development of sports in the Metro city is still lagging behind or still very less, where there are 3 indicators in SDI is still low that is the availability of human resources sports, and community participation to exercise, and physical fitness of people who are still in the low category so that more attention from the Metro city. The availability of sports manpower is the lowest that is only 0.00104.

This study aims to determine the improvement of basic futsal techniques skills through the use of video media for male students of futsal hobbyists. The selected sample is 15 players with random sampling technique. this research is using experimental method. Data collection is carried out by test and documentation techniques. Data analysis using t test. The results showed that the use of video media had a significant effect on futsal basic techniques skills (tcount = 5.887> ttable 5% = 2.145) with an increase of 38.30%. Based on the t test, it can be concluded that the use of video media can improve futsal basic techniques skills for male students of futsal hobbyists.

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