-(Filamentous fungi isolated from corn derived products). The diversity of filamentous fungi was investigated in three corn derived products: corn meal, corn starch and pre-cooked corn flour. For isolation it was used the plating method, in surface and in depth, with Dichloran Rose Bengal Chloramphenicol Medium (DRBC). Twenty three species of fungi, belonging to eight genera were identified. The highest percentage of species was found in corn meal (47%) followed by corn starch (29.5%) and pre-cooked corn flour (23.5%). Aspergillus flavus Link, Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon, Penicillium funiculosum Thom and P. duclauxii Delacroix were found in all substrates; Penicillium brevicompactum Dierckx was present in corn meal and corn starch, while P. aurantiogriseum Dierckx and Rhizopus oryzae Went & Prinsen Geerlings were detected in corn meal and pre-cooked corn flour. Fusarium moniliforme formed the highest number of colonies forming units (352). Monascus ruber van Tieghen is being cited for the first time to Brazil, in processed corn. Species of Absidia, Aspergillus, Curvularia, Emericella, Fusarium, Monascus, Penicillium and Rhizopus have been mentioned as contaminant of corn derived products.

The aim of this research was to evaluate previous serum screening for hepatitis B (total anti-HBc) among blood donation candidates, verifying the link between the variables: gender, age, degree of education and native-born. A transverse study with retrospective data carried out on a target population, blood donation candidates from districts of the interior of Acre State, who came to the Acre Hematology and Hemoterapy Center during the period January to December, 2002. The research indicated reactivity in 54.8% of the total anti-HBc among the 673 candidates included. Greater reactivity of total anti-HBc was observed among males, older candidates and those with lower education levels (p<0.005). Previous serum screening for hepatitis B among blood donation candidates is a viable alternative, since it reduces cost and increases transfusional safety. Attracting female donors, youths and those who have higher education levels, would signify potential blood donors for HEMOACRE.

Croton lechleri is a native species from the Amazon and used with relative frequency in folk medicine in Brazil and other countries. Diversity and antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi associated with this plant were studied here. Samples of leaves and stems were used and 575 endophytic fungi were isolated (307 from leaves and 268 from stems), comprising 284 morphotypes distributed in 13 genera and unknown. The most frequently isolated genera were Phomopsis (30.78%), Penicillium (21.57%) and Pestalotiopsis (16.70%). Diversity and richness of species were higher in leaf tissues. Fifty-five fungi presented antibacterial activity. The fungi with the highest activity were Phomopsis (6.34%), Penicillium (3.17%), and those unknown (5.28%). Penicillium sp. 9 showed the highest antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis and Phomopsis sp. 8 and Phomopsis sp. 9 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. Curvularia sp. 1 and a fungus that could not be identified (Unknown sp. 9), showed the highest antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, respectively. Only two fungi (Penicillium sp. 9 and Curvularia sp. 1) inhibited the five tested bacteria. Endophytic fungi of C. lechleri harbor a great diversity of endophytic fungi, which have the potential for producing antibacterial compounds.

RESUMO -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a aplicação de óleo essencial de copaíba no controle da antracnose, nos frutos do maracujazeiro-amarelo, e comparar sua ação fungicida/fungistática in vitro com o óleo resina de copaíba. No experimento in vivo, os frutos foram inoculados com uma suspensão de esporos da ordem de 10 6 conídios mL -1 e 1% de Tween 80, acondicionados em bandejas de polipropileno e colocados em câmara incubadora com temperatura de 25°C e 90% de umidade relativa do ar. Passadas 24 horas da inoculação, pulverizou-se óleo essencial nas seguintes concentrações: T1= 0 mL L -1 ; T2= 0,25 mL L -1 ; T3= 0,5 mL L -1 ; T4= 0,75 mL L -1 ; T5= 1,0 mL L -1 , sendo avaliados a perda de massa do fruto, a severidade da antracnose e o número de lesões, ambas aos seis dias. Para o experimento in vitro, utilizou-se do meio de cultura batata-dextrose-ágar (BDA) que, após ser esterilizado em autoclave (120 ºC), recebeu óleo essencial e óleo resina de copaíba (0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 e 2,0 mL L -1 ). Após o resfriamento do meio de cultura, foi repicado para o centro da placa um disco de micélio de 12,5 mm de diâmetro de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides; e as placas, incubadas a 25°C e 90% de umidade. A aferição do crescimento micelial foi verificada com o auxílio de paquímetro analógico, após sete dias de crescimento micelial. O óleo essencial de copaíba, nas concentrações de 0,25 mL L -1 a 1.0 mL L -1 , não foi eficaz no controle pós-colheita do fungo da antracnose in vivo e na perda de massa dos frutos de maracujá. O óleo resina de copaíba inibiu o crescimento de C. gloeosporioides in vitro de forma mais eficiente que o óleo essencial de copaíba. Termos para indexação: Colletotrichum gloeosporioides; óleo essencial; óleo resina. ANTHRACNOSE POSTHARVEST CONTROL IN yELLOw PASSION FRUIT wITH APPLICATION OF COPAIBA OILABSTRACT -The objective of this study was to evaluate application of the essential oil of copaiba in controlling anthracnose in fruits of passion fruit and compare their fungicidal/fungistatic action in vitro with copaiba oleoresin. In vivo experiment, fruits were inoculated with a spore suspension of 10 6 conidia mL -1 and 1% Tween 80, packed in polypropylene trays and placed in a dry incubator at temperature of 25 °C and 90% of relative humidity. After 24 hours of inoculation, essential oil was sprayed at the following concentrations: T1 = 0 mL L -1 , T2 = 0.25 mL L -1 , T3 = 0.5 ml L -1 , T4 = 0.75 mL L -1 , T5 = 1.0 mL L -1 , and evaluated the mass loss of the fruit, anthracnose severity and number of lesions, both at six days. For the in vitro study, we used culture media potato dextrose agar (PDA) which, after being sterilized by autoclaving (120 ºC), was added copaiba oleoresin and essential oil (0, 0.5, 1.0 , 1.5 and 2.0 mL L -1 ). After cooling the PDA culture media was peaked to the center of the plate a mycelial disc of 12.5 mm diameter of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and the plates incubated at 25 °C and 90% humidity. The measurement of mycelial growth was measured with the aid of analog calip...