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Highlights Three different feeding groups of chub from the River Szamos were analyzed.  Feeding groups were differed based on the trace element patterns of tissue. Generally, the highest concentrations of elements were found in the juveniles. Only the hepatic copper concentrations showed positive correlation with fish age. The juveniles of chub can be used as a bioindicators of the recent metal pollution.

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Please cite this article as: Eszter Mária Kovács, Eszter Erdélyiné Baradács, Péter Kónya, Péter Kovács-Pálffy, Sándor Harangi, József Kónya, Noémi M.Nagy, Preparation and structure's analyses of lanthanide (Ln) -exchanged bentonites, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.colsurfa.2017.02.085 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. HIGHLIGHTS REE-exchanged bentonites were prepared from Ca-bentonite by ion exchange.  The La 3+ -, Ce 3+ -, and Gd 3+ -bentonite, the sorbed ion amount was higher than the CEC.  In case of lanthanum-bentonite, the rare earth quantity is as high as 136% of CEC.  The iron(III) content of lanthanum bentonite is less than that of the original Cabentonite. 4Abstract The interaction between Lanthanides (Ln)-ions and Ca-bentonite and the structural changes accompanying were studied. Ln-exchanged bentonites were prepared from Cabentonite (Istenmezeje, Hungary) by ion exchange in three consecutive washings with lanthanide solutions. Scanning Eletronmicroscopy Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) studies showed even distribution of Lns and other components of bentonite. The natural bentonite and the lanthnide exchanged bentonites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), which revealed the same mineral composition, and the increase of the basal spacing of montmorillonite from 1.465 (Ca 2+ ) to 1.577 nm (REE 3+ ). The d001 basal spacing of lanthanide montmorillonite increases as the ion radius of the lanthanide cation increases. The Fe 3+ , and Lns 3+ amount on the bentonite were determined by X-rayfluorescence spectrometry (XRF) elemental analysis. The amount of exchanged Lns were determined by washing the Ln-bentonite with 1M ammonium-acetate, and measuring the amount of Ln released, using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). In most Ln-bentonites, the quantity of the exchanged Ln ions was about 80-90% of the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the bentonite. In case of some lanthanides bentonite (La 3+ , Ce 3+ , and Gd 3+ ), however, the sorbed quantity of lanthanum ions was higher than the cation exchange capacity. In case of lanthanum-bentonite, the lanthanide quantity is as high as 136% of CEC. Moreover, the iron(III) content of lanthanum bentonite is less than that of the original Ca-bentonite. Mössbauer spectra of the La-, Ce-, and Gd-exchanged samples at 78 K revealed an unexpected magnetically split component that was absent from the Ca-bentonite. This component may belong to interlayer Fe. This iron can be released from the octahedral positions crystal lattice.5

), for rearing time of 49 days. The treatment with Fe and Mn did not have any effect on the survival data and individual body weight in the levels tested. The highest concentration of Fe and Mn was found in the liver and brain of carp juveniles, while the lowest concentration of these elements occurred in the muscular tissue and gills. The treatment where Fe and Mn were applied in the highest concentrations resulted in a statistically higher level of these elements in the brain, grills and muscle tissues. The treatment where only Mn was present in the highest concentration caused increased level of Mn only in the liver. We found metal accumulation in almost every organ; however, the applied concentrations and exposure time did not affect the survival and average body weight of carp juveniles.

The physiological background of the unusually high cadmium tolerance (MIC > 2 mM) of Aspergillus fumigatus Af293 was investigated. The cadmium tolerance of the tested environmental and clinical A. fumigatus strains varied over a wide range (0.25 mM < MIC < 1 mM). Only the Af293 strain showed a MIC value of >2 mM, and this phenotype was accompanied by increased in vivo virulence in mice. A strong correlation was found between the cadmium tolerance and the transcription of the pcaA gene, which encodes a putative cadmium efflux pump. The cadmium tolerance also correlated with the iron tolerance and the extracellular siderophore production of the strains. In addition to these findings, Af293 did not show the synergism between iron toxicity and cadmium toxicity that was detected in the other strains. Based on these results, we suggest that the primary function of PcaA should be acting as a ferrous iron pump and protecting cells from iron overload. Nevertheless, the heterologous expression of pcaA may represent an attractive strain improvement strategy to construct fungal strains for use in biosorption or biomining processes or to prevent accumulation of this toxic metal in crops.

The Upper Tisza floodplain region provides a mosaic of aquatic habitats including a series of oxbows. Inorganic contaminants can accumulate in the sediment; thus, the sediment is good indicator of the contamination of these oxbows. Our aim was to explore the effects of anthropogenic activities on the concentration of elements and also to study the influence of vegetation types on the element in surface sediment of oxbows. We studied eight oxbows: two of them were protected, four of them were used for fishing and two of them were contaminated with domestic sewage. The following elements were measured with MP-AES in surface sediment: Al, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn. The elemental concentration was compared to the toxicity classes of Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the assessment of the level of toxicity was based on this comparison. We found that studied oxbows were different from each other based on the elemental concentrations of sediment using canonical discriminant analysis and analysis of variance. Based on the elemental concentration in surface sediment of oxbows, separation was also found among vegetation types. But significant difference was not found in the concentrations of elements based on vegetation types. Our results demonstrated that the anthropogenic activities had remarkable effects on the elemental concentration of surface sediment in oxbows. Our findings suggest that the sediment is useful to assess the effects of anthropogenic activities on elemental concentrations of oxbows.