Background: In general, the features of malignancies in children differ biologically and histologically from those of adults with respect to incidence, type of tumor, underlying familial or genetic aberration and tendency to regress spontaneously or cytodifferentiation. In recent years, identification of specific genes, oncogenes, tumor markers and other biological and pathological factors have played an important role in staging and classifying risk categorization of specific tumors as low, intermediate and high-risk lesions.Methods: This study is under taken to evaluate the incidence and morphological features of solid malignant tumors in children of fifteen years and below. The material for present study is obtained from S. P. Medical College, Bikaner and referred cases. The histopathology slides and paraffin blocks are reviewed.Results: The sections 3-5 μ thick, are cut and stained by haematoxylin and eosin in all cases and special stains like PAS, MTS, RS done where ever feasible. An analysis of 60 cases of solid malignant tumors of childhood over a period of 5years are made. The early onset and the embryonal nature of the major pediatric tumors, suggest a prenatal origin and role of genetic factors. Infections, exposure to drugs and chemicals during pregnancy are other contributory factors.Conclusions: Accurate incidence of data is important in the planning and evaluation of clinical trials. Documentation of cases, advanced diagnostic methods like IHC, cytogenetic studies and treatment modalities with close follow up is needed to achieve better statistical evaluation of the problem.
Background:
Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is characterized by androgen-related progressive thinning of the scalp hair in a defined pattern. It has an effect on social and psychological well-being of the patient. It is often recalcitrant to medical treatment alone.
Aim:
The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of 5% minoxidil and 5% minoxidil plus platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in same patient for the treatment of AGA.
Materials and Methods:
A prospective randomized study was conducted on 50 patients of AGA attending the outdoor department. Scalp of each patient was divided into right side and left side, to compare the effectiveness of 5% minoxidil on the right side with combination of 5% minoxidil and intradermal PRP on the left side at an interval of 1 month for a period of 6 months. Clinical improvement was assessed monthly till 6 months by the serial hair pull test, global photography, patient satisfaction score, trichoscopic evaluation, and hair density.
Results:
For post-procedure subjective perception at the end of 6 months, the minoxidil 5% side showed good response in 41% (
n
= 18), moderate in 20% (
n
= 9), and poor in 39% (
n
= 17), whereas the PRP + minoxidil 5% side showed good response in 59% (
n
= 26), moderate in 16% (
n
= 7), and poor in 25% (
n
= 11) of the patients.
Conclusion:
The combination consists of 5% minoxidil and intradermal PRP, which appears to be simple, safe, and effective treatment in AGA. It can be used in poor responders in conventional medical therapy.
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