Solid malignant pediatric tumors: a histopathological study

Abstract

Background: In general, the features of malignancies in children differ biologically and histologically from those of adults with respect to incidence, type of tumor, underlying familial or genetic aberration and tendency to regress spontaneously or cytodifferentiation. In recent years, identification of specific genes, oncogenes, tumor markers and other biological and pathological factors have played an important role in staging and classifying risk categorization of specific tumors as low, intermediate and high-risk lesions.Methods: This study is under taken to evaluate the incidence and morphological features of solid malignant tumors in children of fifteen years and below. The material for present study is obtained from S. P. Medical College, Bikaner and referred cases. The histopathology slides and paraffin blocks are reviewed.Results: The sections 3-5 μ thick, are cut and stained by haematoxylin and eosin in all cases and special stains like PAS, MTS, RS done where ever feasible. An analysis of 60 cases of solid malignant tumors of childhood over a period of 5years are made. The early onset and the embryonal nature of the major pediatric tumors, suggest a prenatal origin and role of genetic factors. Infections, exposure to drugs and chemicals during pregnancy are other contributory factors.Conclusions: Accurate incidence of data is important in the planning and evaluation of clinical trials. Documentation of cases, advanced diagnostic methods like IHC, cytogenetic studies and treatment modalities with close follow up is needed to achieve better statistical evaluation of the problem.

Histopathological Profile of Pediatric Solid Malignant Neoplasm in Tertiary Care Centre

“…[8] In study by Gupta N et al in 2017, 40% cases were observed in 11-15 years, 31.66% in 6-10 years and 28.33% in 0-5 years. [10] In study by Monga T et al in 2017 maximum number of pediatric tumors was seen in age group of 11-14 years 41.66%. [14] Sex incidence in the present study we found male preponderance with male: female ratio of 1.2:1 for solid malignant pediatric neoplasms.…”

“…Sharma S 2004 [7] Harsh Mohan 2014 [8] CT Nagaraja 2015 [9] G Vandana 2015 [6] Gupta N 2017 [10] Present study…”