New coumarin‐benzimidazole hybrids (3a–f) have been synthesized from 4‐formylcoumarins and a series of N‐sulphonation (4 a‐f) and N‐methylation (5 a‐f) compounds were obtained from compounds (3a–f). All the synthesized compounds have exhibited good antimicrobial activity. Docking studies provide valuable insights to potential binding modes of inhibitors. Anti cancer activity of compound 4 a and 4 c have shown excellent activity against HeLa cell line. Whereas compound 4 a and 4 d exhibited higher activity against HT 29 cell lines. We calculated the LC50, TGI and GI50 which show < 10 mg/mL. The synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, NMR, Mass spectral analysis and few of them by single X‐ray crystallography analysis.

Tuberculosis (TB) is still a demanding worldwide health problem and mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) remains one of the most toxic human pathogens. In pursuit of searching new antitubercular and antimicrobial agents, substituted coumarin and phenyl‐1,2,4‐triazolidine‐3‐thiones 4a‐i and 5a‐e have been synthesized and evaluated for their antitubercular and antimicrobial activities. Most of the Substituted coumarin and phenyl‐1,2,4‐triazolidine‐3‐thiones showed promising activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv). The title compounds have exhibited excellent in vitro antibacterial activity against the S.aureus, Bacillus sps and E.coli with the values of low MIC ranging from of 0.4 to 1.6 μg/mL. In vitro antifungal activity shown that the compounds 4a‐i and 5a‐e are excellent antifungal agents against Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigate fungal stains with the values of low minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging from 0.4 to 6.25 μg/mL. Molecular docking study was performed for all the synthesized compounds with E.coli as antibacterial and Mycobacterium tuberculosis DprE1 as antituberculosis.

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The first efficient transformation of 4-bromomethylcoumarins and 4-bromomethylcarbostyrils to 4-Formylcoumarins and 4-Formylcarbostyril under aqueous condition has been achieved by modifying novel 'Kornblum' method in excellent yield.Hence, the experimental method is very simple and more economic, no further purification required and the experimental conditions have been optimized. All the isolated compounds were characterized by IR, NMR, mass and some of the compounds by single crystal X-ray analysis. X O CH 2 Br R X O CHO R DMSO -NaCO 3 (aqu.) 110 o C, 6-16 hr (X = O; NH)

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