No abstract

36 male and 44 female college students were presented with a series of 15 stimuli which were designed to represent the variables of hair color, hair length, quantity of scalp hair, hair quality and amount of facial hair. Each stimulus was rated on scales representing the Evaluative, Potency, and Activity dimensions. The proposition that stereotypes are identifiable was strongly confirmed. Of 18 specific predictions 15 were also confirmed. Explanation in full of these findings was not effected.

Giving up a child for adoption presents a serious emotional and psychological challenge for the mother. Using the components of normal grieving, this paper illustrates the ways in which the bereavement process was distorted and delayed in 22 women seen in psychotherapy who had earlier given up a child. Recommendations are offered for facilitating a healthy mourning process in the relinquishing mother.

Kohlberg's theory of moral development regards justice concerns as developmentally more advanced than interpersonal considerations. Men tend to score as more morally developed than women on existing measures. Gilligan suggested that this is because women rely more on "care" considerations in moral dilemmas, whereas men rely more on "justice" issues. Snarey noted similar bias in the cross-cultural realm. The authors studied moral judgment in Mexican American (n = 40) and Anglo-American (n = 40) college students. On the care measure, as expected, females scored higher than males (p < .05), and Mexican Americans scored higher than Anglo-Americans (p < .01) Contrary to expectation, no differences were obtained on the justice measure. The role of socialization in moral development is discussed.For more than three decades, Kohlberg's theory of moral development has been the most salient and researched (e.g., Kohlberg, 1976Kohlberg, , 1981Kohlberg, , 1985Kohlberg & Kramer, 1969). The theory incorporates a number of assumptions; one assumption is that as development progresses, interpersonal considerations are subordinated to abstract justice considerations in moral reasoning. Furthermore, Kohlberg's theory of moral development is posited as universal, applicable to men, women, and people of all cultures.

Stability, internal consistency, validity, and factor structure of the Color-A-Person Body Dissatisfaction Test (CAPT) were assessed. Two- and 4-week test-retest correlations for college students and alpha coefficients for students and eating-disorder patients ranged from .70 to .89. Factor structure was unaffected by gender and clinical status. Correlations were mostly between -.40 and -.60 with Rosenberg's (1965) Self-Esteem Scale and Secord and Jourard's (1953) Body Cathexis Scale (BCS). Men higher on Body Mass Index (BMI) liked upper body parts; women higher on BMI disliked lower body parts. Treatment for bulimia affected both body image tests comparably.

When the manifest dreams of young adult male and female Chicanos were examined through an inventory which captures the dream content and pattern, striking differences between male and female dreams were found in the areas of setting, characters, interaction, self, instinctual modalities, and realism. Generally speaking, the men's internal psychic world, as viewed through their dreams, tended to be organized around a highly visible and demarcated self seen as robustly active, randomly in motion, and often contentiously involved with unrelated others. The confines of this internal world were sketched in as broad, but were occupied by boundaries and barriers and were often subject to unpredictable events. In contrast, the women's internal world contained a relatively less sharply defined and less robustly active self, but also a less contentious self with a greater range of interactions with more, and more familiar characters. Narrower confines were matched by less emphasis on boundaries, greater predictability, and more goal-directed locomotion.

This study is the conclusion of an exploratory cross-cultural investigation of dream content and organization. Following our report in "Ego Modalities in the Manifest Dreams of Male and Female Chicanos," (Brenneis and Roll, 1975), this paper examines differences in the organization and content of dreams: (1) between Anglo men and women; (2) between Anglo and Chicano men and Anglo and Chicano women; and (3) between Anglos and Chicanos.

The relationship of degree of Anglo-American acculturation to analytic cognitive style, nonverbal intelligence, and verbal intelligence was investigated using a cross-sectional development design. The results suggest that cognitive style does not play a particularly important role in an individual's performance on intelligence tests. In this study Mexican-Americans were no different from Anglos in nonverbal intellectual ability, but they performed less well on the vocabulary subtest. Overall this suggests that a relatively lower verbal facility, rather than analytic ability or cognitive style, contributed to the poorer performance of Mexican-Americans on standardized verbal intelligence tests. However, when Mexican-Americans become similar to Anglos in acculturation there is no significant difference between the groups on these important reference tests.