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Introduction: Firefighting is amongst jobs that require high physical strength and high aerobic capacity. These are required because of the nature and the physical demands of the job. The maximum aerobic capacities of firefighters were investigated using the step test. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 73 firefighters. At first, demographic information was collected by a questionnaire. Then, the step was built with adjustable height, for step testing, and using the Francis method, maximum aerobic capacity of the participants, was studied. The results of the questionnaire and step test were analyzed by the SPSS 16 software. Results: maximum aerobic capacity of firefighters was calculated as 3.65 L/min and 47.4 mL/kgmin. Moreover, the results of statistical analysis revealed a significant relationship between body mass index and exercise, and maximum aerobic capacity (P < 0.05). Also no significant relationship was found between maximum aerobic capacity, age, smoking and work-related fatigue (P > 0.05). conclusions: Studying the firefighters cardiorespiratory capacity, to reduce the probability of firefighters injuries is very important due to occupational sensitivity and having to perform difficult tasks under demanding circumstances. The results of this study showed that maximal oxygen uptake (vo2 max) and cardiopulmonary capacity of examined firefighters are greater than the minimum amount recommended by the international association of firefighters, which can be due to regular physical fitness programs conducted by the organization.

Background: Distal upper extremities musculoskeletal disorders (DUEMSDs) is considered as the main cause of working lost time, increased labor costs, and human injuries. This study was conducted to assess the risk factors of DUEMSDs in carpet weavers.

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Intoduction: Combustible dust particles when dispersed in the air under special conditions have a risk of explosion. Distribution of dust particles in sufficient amount and concentration can cause rapid ignition and explosion. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of combustible dust explosions, in the some related industries in shahroud. Methods: To evaluate dust concentration, the NIOSH 0500 method was used. To determine the combustion risk, risk assessment was conducted using the Failure Mode Effects Analysis (FMEA). The main sources of possible secondary explosion were determined by observation and interviews with managers and supervisors. Results: The concentration of combustible dust in industries showed that the most explosive dust generation was related to the PVC industry with a concentration of 43 ± 74 mg per cubic meter. The FMEA risk assessment results also showed that the most risky equipment in creating sparks and combustion include conveyors, dryers, cutting and drilling equipment, motors and switchgear lightning. Also, the study showed silos with their high storage capacity can be the most likely sources of secondary explosions. conclusions: This study showed that combustible dust concentration is much lower than the minimum explosive concentration. However, due to the existence of combustion vast resources and huge storage resources of powder products, dust explosion in some of these industries is very important.