Abstract:In this study, heavy metals pollutions in waters, soils and vegetables were investigated from farms, near oil refi nery in south of Tehran city, Iran (Shahre Ray). The most important heavy metals in Iranian oil are vanadium, cobalt, nickel, arsenic and mercury (V, Co, Ni, As, Hg). In this region, the concentration of heavy metals in soils, well waters and leafy edible vegetables were evaluated in ten different points of farms. Geographic information systems (GIS) were used to estimate the levels of heavy metals concentration at unmeasured locations. After sample preparation, concentrations of heavy metals in vegetables, soils and waters were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Five different leafy edible vegetables from farms, i.e., Persian leek, dill, parsley, spinach and radish were sampled in spring, summer and autumn 2012. In vegetables and well water samples, the concentrations of V, Ni and Co were above the permissible limit of heavy metals as compared to WHO guidelines and the concentrations of these metals in agricultural soils were found to be lower in accordance to soil references. The industrial waste waters had high concentration of heavy metals in this area. In consequence, the results of this study indicate that industrial waste water can cause pollution in well waters and edible vegetables. So, this region is not suitable for cultivation and growing vegetables.Unauthenticated Download Date | 5/13/18 2:45 AM
This article was aimed to assess the musculoskeletal loads of electronic factory workers by an ergonomic risk factors assessment tools so-called "Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA)". This technique can be used for evaluation of the dynamic tasks in ergonomics field that can be useful for ergonomists, occupational hygienists, occupational therapists, industrial designers, physiotherapists, rehabilitation specialists, and anthropologists.have reported that they are working in tiring or awkward positions (2). WMSDs is a term given to a group of disorders involving the muscles, joints, nerves and vascular compartments of the body, where certain jobs or work related factors have been shown to be associated with an increased risk of developing these disorders (3,4). WMSDs are, by definition, a work-related phenomenon (5). Mus-Background: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are a leading cause of disability and workers compensations. Objectives: The research was done in Tehran Pars-electric factory to prevent inducing WMSDs. Rapid entire body assessment (REBA) was carried out to assess musculoskeletal loads on workers due to their postures, repetition, and force. Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire (NMQ) was also used to obtain prevalence of entire body disorders. Patients and Methods: All 673 workers aged 19-49 with mean age of 32. 3 (SD = 11. 9 years): 355 males aged 25-49 with mean age of 38. 9 (SD = 7. 3 years); 318 females aged 19-33 with mean age of 25. 6 (SD = 9. 8 years) were examined. Total prevalence's wrists, lower arms, upper arms, neck, trunk and legs disorders were gained 606 (90%), 532 (79%), 472 (70. 1%), 345 (51. 3%), 243 (36. 1%), and 404 (60%) respectively (P = 0. 012). Results:The number of tasks located in action levels of 2, 3 and 4 were 9, 11 and 12 tasks correspondingly. No tasks were placed in action level of 0 and 1. Thereby, further actions, ergonomic designing solutions, and multiple preventions are necessary. ConclusionS: REBA tool is a useful and an applicable tool for assessing risk factors producing entire body disorders on workers performing various tasks in electric factory.
Background: Distal upper extremities musculoskeletal disorders (DUEMSDs) is considered as the main cause of working lost time, increased labor costs, and human injuries. This study was conducted to assess the risk factors of DUEMSDs in carpet weavers.
This article was aimed to assess the risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders in an electric factory by "Manual Task Risk Assessment (ManTRA)". This ergonomic risk factor tool can be useful for the assessment of the manual tasks for ergonomists, occupational hygienists, occupational therapists, industrial designers, physiotherapists, rehabilitation specialists, and anthropologists.Background: Work related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) occur when occupational loads on anatomical structures are higher than the natural anatomical strength of the body structures. Therefore, assessment of the risk factors involved in manual tasks of electric factories can be useful to prevent WMSDs. Objectives: This study was conducted on Tehran Pars-electric factory to assess and prevent manual tasks risk factors causing WMSDs. Patients and Methods: 673 workers, which 355 (52.7%) were males (mean age: 38.9 ± 7.3 years) and 318 (47.3%) were females (mean age: 25.6 ± 9.8 years) performing different manual tasks were recruited. Manual Tasks Risk Assessment (ManTRA) was set up to assess risks of anybody region disorder comprising wrist-hand, shoulder-arm, neck, back, and lower limb on subjects performing various manual tasks in Pars electric factory located in Tehran. Also Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) was used to find prevalence of five mentioned body region disorders, to assay the accuracy of the results obtained by ManTRA. Results: Total prevalence's of subjects with wrist-hand, shoulder-arm, neck back and lower limb disorders were obtained 556 (82.6%), 352 (52.3%), 238 (35.4%), 454 (67.5%), and 149 (22.1%) respectively (P = 0.028). The highest cumulative risk was corresponded to wrist-hand, and after that were cumulative risks of back, shoulder-arm, neck, and lower limb respectively. Conclusions: The results of NMQ and ManTRA were completely conforming. ManTRA is also a useful and an applicable tool to assess manual tasks risk in electric factories.
comfort and also in occupational productivity of computer users. The symptoms may include eyestrain, headaches, ocular discomfort, dry eye, diplopia and blurred vision after long time computer use. This paper aims to identify the frequency of visual complaints in workers who usually use computer and evaluate ergonomics conditions in the workplace. Methods Cross-sectional observational study performed in the administrative sector of an environmental sanitation company in the city of Santo André, southeastern of Brazil. The population was 31 computer using workers. They answered questionnaire about sociodemographic data, ergonomics knowledge and clinical complaints. It was assessed near visual acuity, using Jaeger table. Checklists for ergonomic evaluation and luminance mensuration were performed in the workplaces. Results Most participantes were female (77.42%) and over 40 years old (54.84%). The median was five years at work. They reported breaks every two hours (48,4) and had knowledge about workstation ergonomic adjustments (80,6%). The ergonomic checklist to using computer workplace indicated a good ergonomic condition. The luminance mensurations were insufficient in 9.7% of the workstations. All of them have sufficient near acuity but visual correction was necessary for 80.6%. CVS complaints were reported by 45.2% of the participants. Conclusion There are CVS cases in this population but there isn't problems as participants with bad visual acuity, low luminance of workstations or bad ergonomic workplace conditions. It's necessary to study others causes of CVS, such as psychosocial factors at work, to program policies for this problem. Eyes health is related with quality of life and productivity among workers. To establish regular occupational evaluations about ambiental conditions and workers health is indicated to earlier detection of problemas and implement adequate corrections. The implementation of Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) at work purposed to ensure security of the safety, health and welfare of persons as well as to protect other against risks. In Malaysia, numerous actions had been undertaken in increasing the level of awareness of OSH at work, yet, studies show that occurrence of safety and health related problem are crucial. This situation posed serious inconvenience in relation to productivity and performance. Studies claims that OSH awareness are still lack, and awareness on the importance of ergonomics in the workplace, such as issues on unhealthy work environments, excessive workloads and lack of participatory ergonomic proved one of the main causes of safety and health-related problems at work. Consequently, it will lead to negative financial and non-financial performance at work. Thus, study aims to examine the relationship between ergonomic work systems (EWS) and OSH performance, in particular, workplace accident and occupational stress. This study utilised the Work System and Balance Theory to examine the relationship between the variables, hence to strengthen the development ...
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