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This graphical abstract describes in general the treatment processes of dye-polluted water using the prepared samples. Activated carbon undergoes both adsorption and catalytic oxidation processes, further the photocatalytic efficiency of each catalyst supported by activated carbon enhanced the removal of dye completely in a short time in addition to adsorption process in the early irradiation time.

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Two Fenton-like catalysts of iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) or Fe 2 O 3 doped with silver oxide (Ag 2 O) and supported on acidified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (a-MWCNTs) were successfully prepared by wet impregnation and calcined at 200°C and noted as Fe 2 O 3 /MWCNTs and Ag 2 O-Fe 2 O 3 /MWCNTs, respectively. These samples were characterized using techniques such as TEM, FTIR, N 2 adsorption at -196°C, and XRD. Their catalytic performances were determined through Fenton oxidation process of maxilon red dye (MR) at 25°C. Fenton degradation results disclosed that the Ag 2 O-Fe 2 O 3 /MWCNTs nanocomposite has the superior and the faster catalytic degradation rate of dye. This result was due to the synergistic effect that established from the combination of tiny amount of Ag 2 O with Fe 2 O 3 over a-MWCNTs support, which prevents the agglomeration of catalyst nanoparticles and enhances the adsorption of dye molecules. A full degradation of dye was obtained within 10 min at 25°C and the Fenton oxidation capability of Fe 2 O 3 / MWCNTs catalyst increased by about 10% after loading~1wt.% of Ag 2 O. The catalytic performance was considerably based on pH of solution, H 2 O 2 concentration, and dye concentration. The reusability tests confirmed that Ag 2 O-Fe 2 O 3 / MWCNTs nanocomposite offers high stability over three consecutive cycles, where over 90% degradation of MR dye was obtained. Finally, Ag 2 O-Fe 2 O 3 / MWCNTs nanocomposite showed excellent Fenton catalytic oxidation and reusability as compared with Fe 2 O 3 /MWCNTs composite in Fenton-like processes.

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