This graphical abstract describes in general the treatment processes of dye-polluted water using the prepared samples. Activated carbon undergoes both adsorption and catalytic oxidation processes, further the photocatalytic efficiency of each catalyst supported by activated carbon enhanced the removal of dye completely in a short time in addition to adsorption process in the early irradiation time.

No abstract

In this work, a low cost preparation scheme of Na-A zeolite from low cost materials was described. Aluminum scrubs were used to prepare sodium aluminate. Commercial sodium silicate and sodium aluminate were then used in the synthesis of zeolite through hydrothermal method under mild conditions. X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques were employed to confirm the synthesis of pure Na-A zeolite phase. The specific surface area (BET) of the prepared zeolite has also been measured. Results indicated that zeolite has relatively high surface area (=374 m 2 /g). The performance of the prepared zeolite in the removal of Cd 2+ , a highly toxic heavy metal, from water was investigated. The removal of Cd 2+ from water which occurred through precipitation and ion exchange mechanisms was seen to be more efficient comparing to the previous studies. The maximum sorption capacity of Cd 2+ was found to be 54.05 meq/100 g according to the Langmuir isotherm model. However, the sorption capacity was found to be 84.09 meq/100 g after 4 repetitions which is attributed to the ease of reaching the Cd 2+ ions to the inner pores of zeolite upon using slightly dilute Cd 2+ solutions in each repetition.

I N THIS paper, carbonaceous hydrochar adsorbents with highly functionalized surface active sites were prepared from cellulose and lignin constitutes of rice straw via hydrothermal treatment at 180 o C for 20hr followed by carbonization process at 500 o C for 2hr without external gas flow. Two carbonaceous samples were obtained from cellulose and lignin and denoted as RC-C and RL-C, respectively. The resulting hydrochar adsorbents were characterized using means of SEM, TEM, FTIR, Boehm's titration and adsorption of N 2 gas at -196 o C. Kinetic and equilibrium adsorption studies using methylene blue (MB) dye as model pollutant compound in industrial wastewaters were determined. The calculated adsorption efficiencies of the adsorbents were considerably depended on the initial dye concentration, contact time and temperature. The obtained adsorption results were found to describe well using the pseudosecond order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models. Monolayer adsorption capacity of RC-C and RL-C reached to 100 and 40 mg/g towards MB dye, respectively. Based on these findings, the produced hydrochars from cellulose and lignin of rice straw can be emerged as low-cost and valuable adsorbents for removing dye contaminants from wastewater.

No abstract

No abstract

The present investigation was conducted (during PM examination of the slaughtered carcasses) to assess the prevalence of hydatidosis in camels sacrificed in Assuit Governorate Egypt and to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of Indirect Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in identifying camels infected with hydatid cysts before slaughtering using antigens were precipitated from HCF. Hydatid cyst count and characterization were conducted based on routine meat inspection. Slaughterhouse samples of 200 camels were collected through weekly visits. Hydatid cysts in livers, lungs and kidneys were detected and counted, also the fertility rate of the cysts was examined. Out of these, 12 (6%) were found to harbour hydatid cyst, in livers 9(75%), lungs 2(17%) and kidney 1(8%).On the other side, fertile cysts 5(41.7%) were found more frequently in livers 4(33.3%) than in lungs 1(8.3%), while sterile cysts7(58.3%) found in livers, lungs and kidneys 5(41.7%), 1(8.1) and 1(8.3%) respectively. In addition to PM examination, Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay test (ELISA) was developed to the same camels for serological detection of hydatid cyst infection but in alive state. 16(8%) of the 200 camels were found harbouring hydatid cysts were serologically positive when screened for hydatidosis by ELISA test. Four animals (2%) out of the 188 non-infected camels gave serologically positive result. It is suggested that the ELISA as a serological assay, is a valuable method with high diagnostic efficiency for serodiagnosis of hydatid disease. The public health importance of hydatidosis as well as some recommended measures for controlling of the disease were discussed.

No abstract