Introduction
Oral squamous cell carcinoma, the fifth most common cancer worldwide, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in India. It most commonly occurs in middle-aged and older individuals. Typically, they tend to be preceded by a premalignant state for a long time. The present study evaluates the clinicopathological profile of patients with oral lesions and the role of malpractices that promote carcinogenesis in the oral mucosa and the use of Ki-67 as an important predictor of the same.
Materials and methods
The expression of Ki-67 was studied in paraffin-embedded tissue sections of oral lesions of all the cases after taking a detailed history and examination.
Results
The study was conducted on 65 patients with 25 dysplastic and 40 malignant lesions. Males were affected more frequently than females. The most common age group affected was 31 to 60 years with mean age of 45.4 years. Anterior twothird of tongue (41%) was the most commonly affected site. 95% of the patients had a history of addiction in form of smoking, tobacco chewing and betel nut. Out of 25 cases of dysplasia, 11 showed low expression while out of 40 cases of squamous cell carcinoma only three showed low and 29 showed high expression of Ki-67.
Conclusion
The expression of Ki-67 correlates well with the disease progression from dysplasia to carcinoma of the oral cavity. It is therefore a marker of malignant transformation and carcinogenesis in oral premalignant lesions and in future it may serve as a prognostic tool in the early detection of malignancy.
How to cite this article
Maheshwari V, Sharma SC, Narula V, Verma S, Jain A, Alam K. Prognostic and Predictive Impact of Ki-67 in Premalignant and Malignant Squamous Cell Lesions of Oral Cavity. Int J Head Neck Surg 2013;4(2):61-65.
BACKGROUNDThe estimated annual burn incidence in India is approximately 6-7 million per year. Burn injury is a common but preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in India. In patients of epilepsy, the burn injury is far more severe than the any other comorbidities.
MATERIALS AND METHODSThis study design was a retrospective-descriptive study which was conducted in burn unit of MY Hospital, Indore with intention of identifying the risk factors for burn injury in epileptic patients. Study was conducted over a period of six years from the
INTRODUCTION Tobacco use is a major causative factor for cancer. Cessation programs along with diagnosis of cancer as a motivating factor may improve quitting rates in patients. This is a protocol of a study that aims to assess the efficacy of brief tobacco cessation intervention (compared to treatment as usual, TAU) on pattern and attitudes towards tobacco chewing in newly diagnosed head and neck cancer patients and their relatives. METHODS The proposed study will be conducted in two phases. Phase 1 will include 105 dyads of patients and relatives and shall assess patterns (amount, frequency, duration of use and dependence etc.) and knowledge and attitudes (quitting, continued use, health-behavioural modifications, long-term effects on treatment etc.) towards tobacco chewing in newly diagnosed head and neck cancer patients using smokeless tobacco and their relatives. Sample will be recruited from outpatients attending the ear, nose, throat and head and neck surgery department of a tertiary health care institute. Phase 2 will be a randomized trial that will compare the efficacy of the 'Brief Intervention for Tobacco when Diagnosed with Oral Cancer' (BITDOC) and TAU, and will include 27 dyads in each of the two groups. Intervention will be delivered in three sessions, based on the principles of motivational interviewing and the 3As model. CONCLUSIONS This study will help in the evaluation of the attitude towards smokeless tobacco (SLT) in a population that has faced the adverse consequences from its use and changes brought by a diagnosis of HNC. It will also help in developing a cost-effective model for promotion of smoking cessation.
Developmental facial paralysis is associated with other anomalies including those of pinna and external auditory canal, ranging from mild defects to severe microtia and atresia and also associated with congenital heart defect. Here we report case series of three cases of developmental facial palsy which are associated with ear anomalies and congenital heart defects.
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