If the new ADA selective screening recommendations are used, few women with GDM will be missed (4%) but approximately 90% of pregnant women will still need to be screened for GDM.
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has left a significant impact on the world's health, economic and political systems; as of November 20, 2020, more than 57 million people have been infected worldwide, with over 1.3 million deaths. While the global spotlight is currently focused on combating this pandemic through means ranging from finding a treatment among existing therapeutic agents to inventing a vaccine that can aid in halting the further loss of life. AIM To collect all systematic reviews and meta-analyses published related to COVID-19 to better identify available evidence, highlight gaps in knowledge, and elucidate further meta-analyses and umbrella reviews that are yet to be performed. METHODS We explored studies based on systematic reviews and meta-analyses with the key-terms, including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), SARS virus, coronavirus disease, COVID-19, and SARS coronavirus-2. The included studies were extracted from Embase, Medline, and Cochrane databases. The publication timeframe of included studies ranged between January 01, 2020, to October 30, 2020. Studies that were published in languages other than English were not considered for this systematic review. The finalized full-text articles are freely accessible in the public domain. RESULTS Searching Embase, Medline, and Cochrane databases resulted in 1906, 669, and 19 results, respectively, that comprised 2594 studies. 515 duplicates were subsequently removed, leaving 2079 studies. The inclusion criteria were systematic reviews or meta-analyses. 860 results were excluded for being a review article, scope review, rapid review, panel review, or guideline that produced a total of 1219 studies. After screening articles were categorized, the included articles were put into main groups of clinical presentation, epidemiology, screening and diagnosis, severity assessment, special populations, and treatment. Subsequently, there was a second subclassification into the following groups: gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, neurological, stroke, thrombosis, anosmia and dysgeusia, ocular manifestations, nephrology, cutaneous manifestations, D-dimer, lymphocyte, anticoagulation, antivirals, convalescent plasma, immunosuppressants, corticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, technology, diabetes mellitus, obesity, pregnancy, children, mental health , smoking, cancer, and transplant. CONCLUSION Among the included articles, it is clear that further research is needed regarding treatment options and vaccines. With more studies, data will be less heterogeneous, and statistical analysis can be better applied to provide more robust clinical evidence. This study was not designed to give recommendations regarding the management of COVID-19.
Abnormal folate metabolism does not appear to occur in pregnant diabetic women. It is unlikely that deranged folate metabolism explains the higher incidence of major anomalies in infants of diabetic mothers. These results do not diminish the importance of periconception folate supplementation or preclude other possible scenarios that could restrict folate use by the embryo, leading to congenital anomalies.
Background: Infection caused by hepatitis C virus is common and important issue of public health in Pakistan. The risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hepatitis C virus has common association. Objectives: To find out the frequency of hepatitis C virus in Type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients and to assess the association between Type 2 Diabetes mellitus and hepatitis C virus. Methodology: This was descriptive study piloted at the Department of Medicine Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar for duration of one year. Totally, 157 type 2 diabetic patients were included. All information’s were documented on a prescribed Performa. Results: Out of 157 confirmed diabetic patients, 50 (31.85%) were seropositive for anti HCV antibodies while 107(68.15%) were negative. There were 48% males and 52% female in the entire study. Patient’s age ranged from 31 to 73years. The seroprevalence of HCV in female was 29(58%) while in male it was 21(42%). Conclusion: Our study concludes that HCV infection is highly prevalent in patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Keywords: Chronic Hepatitis C, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Diabetes mellitus.
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