The influence of the product inhibition by dihydroxyacetone (DHA) on Gluconobacter oxydans for a novel semi-continuous two-stage repeated-fed-batch process was examined quantitatively. It was shown that the culture was able to grow up to a DHA concentration of 80 kg m(-3) without any influence of product inhibition. The regeneration capability of the reversibly product inhibited culture from a laboratory-scale bioreactor system was observed up to a DHA concentration of about 160 kg m(-3). At higher DHA concentrations, the culture was irreversibly product inhibited. However, due to the robust membrane-bound glycerol dehydrogenase of G. oxydans, product formation was still active for a prolonged period of time. The reachable maximum final DHA concentration was as high as 220 kg m(-3). The lag phases for growth increased exponentially with increasing DHA threshold values of the first reactor stage. These results correlated well with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) measurements confirming that the number of active cells decreased exponentially with increasing DHA concentrations.
Lösungsmittel für FC-Katalysatoren (u. a. Bismutderivate, Brùnstedt-Säuren) unternommen, um die Vor-und Nachteile der Verwendung von ILs als Katalysatormedium für die Darstellung von LABs auch in technischer Hinsicht herauszuarbeiten.An einfachen Testreaktionen (s. Abb.) wurde das katalytische Verhalten (Aktivität, Selektivität, Leaching, Recycling etc.) untersucht. Neben der Verwendung der vorwiegend zur Darstellung von LABs eingesetzten Alkylierungsmittel (Alkene, Halogenalkane) war der Focus auch auf die Verwendung der ökonomisch wie ökologisch vorteilhaften analogen Alkohole gerichtet.
Symbiotic associations were established between nitrogen‐fixing Azotobacter zettuovii (CRS‐H6) cells and carrot (Daucus carota L. cv. ‘Rother’ Half Long) tissues based on the induced carbon and energy dependency of diazotrophs on plant metabolic activity. Symbiotic associations were grown on nitrogen‐free media for four years. Plant regeneration was achieved from callus‐bacterium associations on nitrogen‐containing media. Light and electron micrographs are used to show the localization of bacteria in intercellular spaces of callus and regenerated plant tissues. The nitrogen‐fixing ability of the partnership was proved on nitrogen‐free media.
1994. Artificial associations between Dauctis and nitrogen-fixing Azoiohacter cells in vitro. -Physiol. Plant. 90; 786-790.Symbiotic associations were established between nitrogen-fixing A::.otobacler zettuovii (CRS-H6) ceils and carrot (Daucus carota L. cv. 'Rother'Half Long) tissues based on tbe induced carbon and energy dependency of diazotrophs on plant metabolic activity. Symbiotic associations were grown on nitrogen-free media for four years. Plant regeneration was achieved from callus-bacterium associations on nitrogen-containing media. Light and electron micrographs are used to show the localization of bacteria in intercellular spaces of callus and regenerated plant tissues. The nitrogen-fixing ability of the partnership was proved on nitrogen-free media.
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