Цель исследования: изучить особенности социального статуса, клиники и диагностики у пациентов с туберкулезом (ТБ) на поздних стадиях ВИЧ-инфекции с иммунодефицитом и заболеванием, вызываемым новой коронавирусной инфекцией (SARS-Cov-2) – COVID-19 в сравнении с больными ТБ на поздних стадиях ВИЧ-инфекции с иммунодефицитом, но без COVID-19. Материалы и методы. Обследовано 20 пациентов с коморбидностью COVID-19, ТБ и ВИЧ-инфекции на поздних стадиях с иммунодефицитом (основная группа), 20 аналогичных больных без COVID-19 составили группу сравнения. Результаты. Коморбидность COVID-19 и ТБ на поздних стадиях ВИЧ-инфекции с иммунодефицитом характеризуется социальной дезадаптацией, наркозависимостью с сопутствующим вирусным гепатитом В или С и ХОБЛ, что не отличается от пациентов без COVID-19. Дифференцировать сочетания данных болезней по клиническим и лучевым методам исследования не представляется возможным. Необходимы специальные микробиологические и молекулярно-генетические исследования диагностического материала из респираторной системы и других органов. Заключение. Для предотвращения заражения населения SARS-Cov-2 необходимо активное обследование всех больных ТБ и ВИЧ-инфекцией, состоящих на учете в кабинете противотуберкулезной помощи ВИЧ-инфицированным и противотуберкулезном диспансере (ПТД).
The IFN production by rat spleen lymphocytes was shown to increase by 2.5 times in comparison to control against a background of hypoacidity evoked by 28-days of OM treatment (14 mg/kg). The activity of IFN-induced enzyme 2',5'-OAS declined by 16 % in these cells. The simultaneous administration of multiprobiotic SYM and OM resulted in IFN titer increase in comparison to hypoacidic animals. The 2',5'-OAS activity in spleenocytes didn't change. SYM displayed interferonogenic properties via gastric microflora normalization and suppressing inflammation.
The aim of this work was the determination of rat thymocytes response to hypergastrinemia evoked by hypoacidity and multiprobiotic «Symbiter® acidophilic concentrated» (symbiter) treatment via the estimation of the interferon (IFN) titer and 2', 5'-oligoadenylate (OA)-synthetase activity in lymphocytes. 2', 5'-OA-synthetase is the IFN-induced enzyme. Methods. The micromethod of IFN titer determination by antiviral activity, spectrophotometrical method of 2', 5'-OA-synthetase activity determination. Results. It was shown that the IFN production by cultivated thymocytes is amplified while the 2', 5'-OA-synthetase activity decreases in these cells in conditions of hypoacidity caused by the 28-days omeprazol treatment. The treatment of animals by symbiter against a background of hypoacidity causes the augmentation of IFN production by thymocytes, but does not stimulate the 2', 5'-OA-synthetase activity. The IFN production by thymocytes in response to IFN inducers (PHA and cycloferone) in vitro is intensified comparatively to the control at hypoacidity and symbiter treatment. Conclusions. The multiprobiotic symbiter exhibits interferonogenic properties. The IFN synthesis in response to induction in vitro is intensified in comparison with healthy animals at both hypoacidity and symbiter treatment while the 2', 5'-OA-synthetase acivity in thymocytes decreases
The study materials of 23 patients with COVID-19, combined with newly diagnosed tuberculosis at the late stages of HIV infection with an average CD4+ cells count not exceeding 30 cells/μl of blood and in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (the main group) and 23 patients with no COVID-19 (the comparison group) and the similar parameters are presented. The presence or absence of COVID-19 is characterized by social maladjustment, drug addiction, concomitant viral hepatitis B or C and COPD, generalized tuberculosis with extrapulmonary damage of various organs and the development of other opportunistic pulmonary infections, similar clinical and radiological manifestations, which can only be differentiated by microbiological and molecular genetic research methods. To prevent exogenous infection of the healthy population with COVID-19, it is imperative to organize an active regular examination of all patients with tuberculosis and HIV infection for COVID-19, especially at the later stages, in the TB care office for HIV-infected people at TB dispensaries.
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