The study aimed to determine the effect of liquid bio fungicides dosage Trichoderma spp. Against Fusarium wilt diseases, growth and yield of onion. This study used an experimental method with experiments on field conditions carried out in Sembalun Bumbung Village Sembalun District East Lombok Regency from May to August 2018. The experiment used a Randomized Block Design with liquid bio fungicides Dosage Trichoderma spp. which consists of 9 treatments, namely, 0 ml / plant, 2.5 ml / plant, 5 ml / plant, 7.5 ml / plant, 10 ml / plant, 12.5 ml / plant, 15 ml / plant, 17, 5 ml / plant and 20 ml / plant. Each treatment was repeated three times so that there were 27 experimental units. Experimental parameters included the percentage of disease incidence, plant growth (height and number of plant leaves), and yield of onion (number of tillers and weight of harvested onion). Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance at 5% level and Honestly Significant Different Test at 5% level. The results showed that Trichoderma spp. can increase the induced resistance of onion to Fusarium wilt diseases and increase the growth and yield of onion. The conclusion of this experiment is liquid bio fungicides Trichoderma spp. starting with a dose of 5 ml/plant caused the onion plants not infected with Fusarium wilt diseases. Similarly, at the starting dose of 5 ml/plant increase the weight of harvest onion.
One of the obstacles in the development of shallots in West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) is the presence of Fusarium wilt disease. The use of antagonistic saprophytic fungi Trichoderma spp. is a biological control technique. The aim of this research is to explore the biodiversity of Trichoderma spp. and its use for controlling Fusarium wilt disease. Research using exploratory methods conducted at the shallot planting center on Lombok Island included isolation of antagonistic saprophytic fungi, purification and identification of isolates. Furthermore, research was carried out in the laboratory using experimental methods including in-vitro antagonism tests by direct opposition and culture steam. The research was continued in Greenhouses in planta and in field conditions in the Highlands of Sembalun Village, Medium Plains of Santong Village and Senteluk Village Lowlands. The results concluded that: there were 6 isolates of saprophytic fungi that were antagonistic, namely T. viride, T. longibrachiatum, T. koningii, T. piluliferum, T. harzianum, and T. hamatum. The mechanism of antagonism is physically through space competition, mycoparasites and antibiosis. Three isolates, namely T. virede, T. harzianum and T. hamatum, were effective in suppressing Fusarium wilt disease and even causing immunity.
The impact of climate change is an increase in extreme climatic events that make plants susceptible to disease. Fusarium wilt disease is one of the endemic diseases in extreme climatic areas in the high and lowlands. To deal with this climate change adaptation, a study was carried out that aims to determine the effect of the biofungicide Trichoderma spp. in controlling Fusarium wilt disease in several shallot varieties. This study used an experimental method carried out in the Highlands of Sembalun Bumbung Village, East Lombok using a Randomized Block Design with factorial experiments. The main factor is the formulation of biofungicides, namely: without biofungicides (control), liquid biofungicides, tablets and powders. The simple factor is shallot varieties, namely: Bali Karet, Ampenan, Keta Monca, Super Philip, and Super Cross. The results showed that liquid, tablet and powder of biofungicide could suppress Fusarium wilt disease up to 0%, while in control the percentage of disease reached 60%. Bali Karet varieties are very adaptive in the highlands, so they are very resistant to Fusarium wilt, Ampenan and Keta Monca adaptive in the highlands, while Super Philip and Super Cross are less adaptive. Bali Karet varieties showed the highest growth and yield.
The use of fertilizers that are appropriate and right on target is necessary to assist plants in dealing with conditions of climate change to extreme climates that cause the soil to become dry and less fertile. To deal with climate change adaptation and increase the productivity of shallots, a study aimed to determine the effect of biocompost dosage Trichoderma spp. tablet in spurring growth and yield of several shallot varieties. The research used an experimental method which was conducted in Sembalun Bumbung Village, East Lombok Regency. This study used a Randomized Block Design with a factorial experiment. The main factor is the dosage of biocompost tablets, namely: 0 g/plant, 2.5 g/plant, 5 g/plant, 7.5 g/plant, and 10 g/plant. The simple factor is that the shallot varieties, namely: Bali Karet, Ampenan, Keta Monca, Super Philip and Super Cros. The results showed that the dosage of biocompost tablets starting at 5 g/plant can stimulate growth and can increase the weight of harvested dry tubers. Bali Karet varieties are very adaptive so that the growth and yield of dry tuber weight are the highest, Ampenan and Keta Monca are adaptive in the highlands, while Super Philip and Super Cross are less adaptive.
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