Background:Considering the controversial results of previous reports on awareness of bill of patients’ rights in different regions, as well as the fact that no report is available on the awareness of patients of their rights in teaching hospitals of Sari, we conducted the present study.Materials and Methods:This is a cross-sectional Study conducted in teaching hospitals of Sari in 2011. The study population consisted of 336 patients recruited from 4 hospitals affiliated with Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences in Sari, through calculating the selection quota of each hospital. Data were collected through face-to-face interview on discharge, using a two-section questionnaire based on the bill of patient rights and with verified reliability and validity. Data analysis was accomplished on SPSS soft- ware version 10.Results:55.4% of patients were women and 44.6% were men. The patients’ mean age was 40.93 ± 15.04 years and the mean length of stay was 4.6 ± 3.34 days. Most patients had elementary education (36%) or were illiterate (25%). The majority (63.4%) had not seen the bill of patients’ rights. 58.9% had poor knowledge, 12% had intermediate knowledge, and 29.1% had good knowledge. As for the articles of the bill, the poorest awareness correlated to the 9th article (the right to participate or refrain from participating in research). We found a significant relationship between awareness of the bill, and the patient’s education, seeing the bill, and age (p<0.0005).Conclusion:The results of the present study indicate that patients are not sufficiently aware of their rights, and this problem requires comprehensive planning to be resolved.
Background:Child abuse and neglect is a worldwide problem and varies across many sociodemographic characteristics.Aim:The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of different types of child maltreatment in Iranian kids according to the reports of their caregivers.Subjects and Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 562 mothers with the last child aged between 1 and 12 years were recruited based on purposeful sampling method in one pediatric referent Mazandaran province, Iran. Child maltreatment among eligible participants was assessed by a validated version of conflict tactics scale for parent and child. Data were analyzed using Pearson Correlation coefficient and one-way ANOVA.Results:Prevalence of emotional assault, physical assault, and child neglect were respectively 90.6% (509/562), 82.9% (466/562) and 78.8% (443/562), which were more frequent in preschool age children. Furthermore, different kinds of child maltreatments were correlated with each other (P < 0.001).Conclusion:Assessment of all forms of child maltreatment should be an important focus of evaluation in cases with one kind of child maltreatment. This is an important issue in preschool age children. Furthermore, this paper has some implications for health care providers in order to check some simple items to identify child abuse.
Background and Purpose: Personal identity is the sense of being distinct from other individuals, which is of paramount importance during adolescence. Modern theories suggest that young adults perceive personal identity in different ways, and several factors affect this phenomenon. Leisure time activities are a significant element during adolescence. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between identity styles and leisure activities in adolescents. Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was conducted on 370 high school students in Birjand, Iran in 2013.Students were selected via stratified two-stage random sampling. Data were collected using Identity Style Inventory (ISI-6G, Berzonsky) including domains of informational, normative, diffuse-avoidant and commitment identity styles, and leisure time questionnaire including indices of different products, activities, spaces and internet use, in leisure time. Data analysis was performed using student's T-test, Mann-Whitney, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallisand Spearman's correlation-coefficient, and P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: In this study, a significant positive correlation was found between diffuse-avoidant/informational identity styles and use of internet (P<0.05), informational style and use of space (P=0.01), normative style and leisure activities (P=0.02) and commitment style with different products (P=0.03). Moreover, a significant negative correlation was observed between commitment identity style and use of internet (P=0.02). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, leisure time activities have a remarkable effect on identity styles of adolescents. Therefore, families and organizations concerned with adolescence affairs should monitor quality of leisure activities in teenagers.
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