No abstract

Our study was aimed at assessing the effectiveness of autologous plasma enriched with platelets as part of the complex treatment of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) of moderate severity in dogs. In our experiment, 20 dogs of various breeds with clinical signs of keratoconjunctivitis sicca participated. The animals were divided into the experimental group and the control group, 10 dogs in each group. The animals of the control group were treated with standard treatment: local antibiotic therapy, a topical immunosuppressant (cyclosporine), and also a lubricant. In addition to standard treatment, an autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP) was additionally subconjunctivally injected weekly to animals of the experimental group. The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated by monitoring the changes in the hydration level of the anterior segment of the eye, the cytological picture of smears and gross anatomical appearance of the front of eye. The results in experimental group demonstrated a decrease in the number of desquamated epithelial cells, as well as a more intense decrease in segmented cells. The dynamics of the reduction of the clinical manifestations of KCS in animals that used PRP as part of complex therapy is more pronounced and was quite fast. Our observations show that autologous platelet-rich plasma is a powerful protector of corneal regeneration and therefore could be recommended to use in corneal erosion, keratitis ulcers and corneal injuries, as well as a keratoprotector after surgical interventions on the cornea and intraocular structures.

Background and Aim: The present study investigated the influence of liver tumor structure on life expectancy in dogs. Diseases of the liver comprise 5-25% of all non-communicable diseases in dogs, and primary hepatic tumors account for 0.6-1.3% of tumors. This research aimed to study the post-operative life span of animals with primary or metastatic tumors of the liver. Materials and Methods: During the study period, 7124 oncological operations were performed in our clinic. In total, 128 liver tumors were detected in live animals, while 323 were detected posthumously. Forty animals underwent surgery for various liver tumors. In dogs with primary liver tumors, the average age was 11.9 years and the average body weight was 15.5 kg, while in dogs with liver metastases, the mean age was 11.4 years and the average body weight was 24 kg. Results: The ratio of males to females among dogs with primary liver tumors was about 1:1 (ten females and nine males), while that among dogs with metastatic liver damage was clearly predominantly female (14 females and two males) because females often undergo surgery for cancerous mammary glands or ovaries. Conclusion: The size of tumors and the number of affected lobes had a significant effect on the post-operative life span. With a tumor size of <5 cm and a lesion covering less than two lobes of the liver, life expectancy was significantly longer and the prognosis was more favorable. In cases of large tumors or those affecting more than two lobes, life expectancy was significantly reduced and the prognosis was cautious to unfavorable.

Background: The microrheological disorders of red blood cells in obesity is often missed by the researchers. This study aimed to report an experimental investigation on laboratory animals with developed obesity and to find out the effect of meldonium on the erythrocytes.Methods: A total of 95 healthy male-rats of Vistar line were taken into the investigation, 29 animals had experienced no impacts and allocated as the control group, while 64 rats which had developed obesity induced by a cardioangionefopathogenic semisynthetic diet into the obesity group. These rats were casually divided into an experimental (34 rats) group and the control group (30 rats). The rats of the experimental group in the next ten days were intragastrically injected with meldonium for 80 mg/kg. The biochemical, hematological and statistical methods of investigation were used in this study.Results: During the formation of obesity and the use of meldonium, the body weight of the rats were gradually decreased to the normal level. On the obese rat's group receiving meldonium, the content of the lipids peroxidation products in erythrocytes progressively decreased.  and reached the level of the healthy control rats group. Moreover, there was a decrease in the number of erythrocytes-discocytes accompanied by an increase in the reversible and irreversible changes. These values were returned to the level of the healthy control rats group at the end of the observation. This pattern was observed in the total number of erythrocytes aggregate and free erythrocytes.Conclusion: The application of meldonium eliminates the existing erythrocytes abnormal microrheological features in the rats with recently developed obesity.

Российский университет дружбы народов ул. Микулухо-Маклая, 8/2, Москва, Россия, 117198 2 Кафедра технологии переработки и сертификации продукции животноводства Оренбургский государственный аграрный университет Челюскинцев, 18, Оренбург, Россия, 460014 Согласно полученным результатам органы иммунной системы перепелов представляют собой анатомически рассеянную, но стратегически распределенную защитную сеть: центральныерасполагаются в хорошо защищенных местах (тимус, клоакальная сумка), а периферическиена границе организма с внешней средой (железа третьего века, лимфоидные бляшки и дивертикул) и на путях циркуляции крови (селезенка). Они являются как бы «датчиками», информирующими иммунную систему организма об антигенном многообразии окружающей микрофлоры, что надо учитывать при формировании плана противоэпизоотических мероприятий при вакцинации птицы с целью создания иммунитета против инфекционных болезней.Ключевые слова: морфология, иммунология, перепела, тимус, клоакальная сумка, селезенка, железа третьего века, лимфоидный дивертикул, лимфоидные бляшки слепых кишок.Актуальность. Иммунная система объединяет органы и ткани, которые осуществляют защитные реакции организма и создают иммунитет -невосприимчивость организма к веществам, обладающим чужеродными антигенными свойствами [1]. Развившись на основе системы кроветворения, она впитала в себя все достижения эволюции многоклеточных организмов и составила наряду с метаболической, эндокринной, условно-рефлекторной четвертую форму отражения живой материи и четвертую регулирующую систему позвоночных [3]. Органы иммунной системы в соответствии со своей функцией и ролью в развитии иммунитета делятся на центральные, где происходит дифференцировка Т-и В-лимфоцитов, и периферические, где осуществляется сложный морфофункциональный комплекс по организации иммунного ответа после антигенного воздействия [2; 5].Рис. 4. Микроморфология клоакальной сумки цыпленка. Гематоксилин и эозин, об. 7, ок. 10: 1 -лимфоидные ячейки; 2 -стенка сумки;3 -просвет