Cities often have numerous underground spaces such as subways and shopping malls. These hold the possibility of being inundated in a disaster. The reasons of these disasters are urbanization and global warming. The vulnerability of underground spaces to extreme flood and evacuation from there are treated in this paper by using the results obtained by numerical methods in densely urbanized area, Osaka, Japan. It is found that up to 60% of water would flood underground spaces if no counter measures were taken. It was also confirmed such areas should be evacuated before inundation.
Japanese government issued the hazardmaps of Tsunami by Great Nankai Trough Earthquake in August of 2012. There are many swimming beaches in Tsunami attacking area.Evacuation plan should be made for beach users because many strangers are there. In this paper, evacuation simulations have been conducted by a multi-agent model to investigate factors for safe evacuation.Walking velocity of users in the sea, on the beach and on the road was used in the simulations. The velocity was figured by using video data of evacuation drill.From the results, it is found that the appropriate setting of guide panels is an important factor for achievement of safe evacuation.
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