This paper quantifies the impact of correlated fading on secure communication of multiple amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying networks. In such a network, the base station (BS) is equipped with multiple antennas and communicates with the destination through multiple AF relays, while the message from the relays can be overheard by an eavesdropper. We focus on the practical communication scenario, where the main and eavesdropper's channels are correlated. In order to enhance the transmission security, transmit antenna selection (TAS) is performed at the BS, and the best relay is chosen according to the full or partial relay selection criterion, which relies on the dualhop relay channels or the second-hop relay channels, respectively. For these criteria, we study the impact of correlated fading on the network secrecy performance, by deriving an analytical approximation for the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and an asymptotic expression for the high main-to-eavesdropper ratio (MER). From these results, it is concluded that the channel correlation is always beneficial to the secrecy performance of full relay selection. However, it deteriorates the secrecy performance if partial relay selection is used, when the number of antennas at the BS is less than the number of relays.
Abstract. The rock 'listvenite' is named and defined by reference to historical observations and recommendations are made so that listvenite (s.s.) can be distinguished from related carbonate-rich alteration products of ultramafic rocks. The mineralogy and tectonic setting of listvenite are reviewed, taking into account the descriptions and classifications used in the literature. The petrography of listvenite and related rocks at Cregganbaun serves as a reference to illustrate the characteristics of true listvenite and closely related products of listvenitic alteration.During the 150 years since the term 'listwiinite' was first introduced by Rose (1837Rose ( , 1842, much has been written on the topic by Russian field geologists and researchers (Krotov 1915;Lodochnikov 1936;Borodayevskiy and Borodayevskiy 1947;Korzhinskii 1953;Bok 1956;Ploshko 1963; Allakhverdiev 1965, 1971;Shcherban 1967;Shcherban and Borovikova 1969;Goncharenko 1970, Sazonov 1975Abovian 1978; Kuleshevich 1984;Spiridonov 1991). Listvenites and the criteria by which they are defined have more recently become a concern of geologists elsewhere Buisson and Leblanc 1985a, 1985b, 1987Aydal 1989;Ash and Arksey 1990a, 1990b, 1990cMadu et al. 1990;Nixon 1990;Ashley and Brownlow 1993;Auclair et al. 1993) due to their spatial and temporal association with gold deposits of mesothermal type in eugeoclinal terranes worldwide. There are problems concerning the strict definition of 'listw;nite' and also regarding the correct spelling of the word. This is evident in the idiosyncratic transliterations from Russian into other languages. Various spellings can be found e.g. listwaenite, listwanite, listvanite and listvenite. This confusion has arisen because of the free phonetic interpretation of the original transliteration from Russian to German given by Rose (1842). The geological section through the Urals given by Murchison et al. (1845) shows the type locality for listvenite, Listvenya Gora (Larch Hill). The root of the name listvenite is found in the Russian name for the larch tree. In a direct transcription from Cyrillic to English, the correct spelling is therefore 'listvenite'.In order to understand the processes governing the gold mineralization found in association with listvenite, it is also necessary to understand the process of listvenitization. However, a review of the literature shows that the term 'listvenite' is used to describe a diversity of carbonate-rich rocks produced by alteration of mafic-ultramafic bodies. The aim of the present contribution is to re-establish the identity of listvenite in the sense of the original description given by Rose (1837Rose ( , 1842 and to review the current classifications of listvenite and related rocks, using examples from Cregganbaun, Ireland to illustrate the characteristics of true listvenite and associated types of alteration.
Characteristics of listvenite
The historical problemSince the term 'listvenite' was first introduced to the literature of mineralogy by Rose (1837Rose ( , 1842, the usage of the wor...
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.