Kebijakan belajar dari rumah (Study from Home) merupakan suatu tindakan dalam mencegah penyebaran infeksi COVID-19 serta memutus rantai penyebaran COVID-19 pada mahasiswa, tenaga pendidik dan kependidikan. Penerapan Study from Home secara mendadak menimbulkan berbagai kendala yang belum dipersiapkan secara matang. Tekanan dan kesulitan akibat tuntutan akademik dan kendala yang dihadapi dalam perubahan metode pembelajaran ini kemungkinan dapat menimbulkan stres pada mahasiswa kedokteran. Stres dapat memberikan dampak pada mahasiswa yaitu, depresi, ketidakmampuan dalam akademik, prestasi yang menurun, kinerja dalam akademik yang berkurang, status kesehatan yang mengalami penurunan, gangguan tidur, menurunnya kemampuan memecahkan masalah, dan keterlibatan interaksi yang menurun. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan study from home terhadap tingkat stres mahasiswa kedokteran saat pandemi COVID-19 di Nusa Tenggara Timur. Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara stratified random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 143 orang. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner Study From Home untuk mengukur pelaksanaan study from home dan kuesioner Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) untuk mengukur tingkat stres. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji korelasi Rank Spearmen’s. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa secara statistik terdapat hubungan yang bermakna (p=0,000) antara study from home dengan tingkat stres pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Nusa Cendana. Kesimpulan penelitian ini terdapat hubungan yang signifikan (p=0,000) antara study from home dengan tingkat stres pada mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Nusa Cendana saat pandemi COVID-19.
Penyakit infeksi masih menjadi permasalahan kesehatan bagi negara-negara di dunia. Salah satu mikroorganisme bakteri penyebab penyakit infeksi adalah Escherichia coli. Upaya pengobatan penyakit infeksi hinggga saat ini masih menggunakan antibiotik, namun penggunaan antibiotik dapat menimbulkan dampak resistensi antibiotik, juga efek samping di bidang kesehatan serta biaya kesehatan yang meningkat sehingga dapat digunakan alternatif lewat penggunaan tanaman herbal. Salah satu tanaman herbal yang dapat digunakan adalah kemangi. Tanaman ini mempunyai kandungan kimia diantaranya minyak atsiri, alkaloid, fenol, saponin, tanin, triterpenoid dan steroid yang beberapa diantaranya memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol daun kemangi terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli. Metode jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah true experimental design dengan rancangan penelitian posttest only control group test. Pengujian aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol daun kemangi menggunakan metode dilusi cair. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari kontrol positif siprofloksasin, kontrol negatif aquades, dan kelompok konsentrasi 100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 2,5%, 1,25% dengan tiga kali pengulangan untuk setiap kelompok. Hasil pengujian tidak didapatkan adanya aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun kemangi terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli pada hasil uji di setiap konsentrasi menunjukkan adanya pertumbuhan bakteri di setiap pengulangan dari konsentrasi 100%, 80%, 60%, 40%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 2,5% dan 1,25%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini di dapat bahwa ekstrak etanol daun kemangi (Ocimum sanctum L.) tidak memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Escherichia coli
The result of basic health research in Indonesia shows that the prevalence of metabolic disease in Indonesia is increasing from year to year. Diabetes Mellitus type two (DM type 2) has the highest prevalence of diabetes thus increasing the risk of hypercholesterolemia. Moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera) contains flavonoids. This compound is very effective and safe in reducing glucose level that it can be used as a preventive of DM type 2. Moreover, flavonoid also have hypocholesterol effect. The purpose of the research is to determine the effect of moringa leaves juice on blood glucose level and total cholesterol on adults in East Nusa Tenggara Islands. The design of the study is quasy experimental with pre and post-test on non-equivalent control group. Samples were selected with purposive sampling technique. The total sample consisted of 42 people that were divided into two groups namely intervention group (16 samples) who consumed 200 ml of moringa leaves juice for three days and control group (27 samples). The result show that there is no significant differences before and after intervention. In other words, there is no effect of consuming moringa leaves juice on blood glucose level (p=0,432) and total cholesterol (p=0,134).
The world is facing yet a global health and socio-economic crisis triggered by the Corona Virus Disease-2019 pandemic. In the midst of a health crisis due to the pandemic that has not yet ended, traditional medicine is an alternative that can be used by the community to maintain their immune system. Jamu is a local traditional medicine in Indonesia made from natural cultural heritage that has been passed down from generation to generation for health. The design of this research is an observational study with a cross-sectional design in which the use of traditional medicine jamu will be observed using a questionnaire. The total sample of this study was 150 respondents, accumulated from North Central Timor, South Central Timor, West Sumba, Sikka, Sabu Raijua, Rote Ndao, Kupang Regency, Kupang City, Flores Timor and Alor. The result of this study depicted a 600% rise in respondents in using jamu during the Corona Virus Disease-2019 pandemic. In conclusion, there is a significant difference p Value < α (0.014 < 0.05) between the use of jamu before the Corona Virus Disease-2019 pandemic (January – March 2020) and during the pandemic (April June 2020) among households in East Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia.
Background: Inadequate chronic nutrition can cause disruption of bone growth and brain development. Impaired bone growth can cause stunting in children, and a disruption of brain development will affect cognitive function, one of them is short-term memory. This study aimed to compare the short-term memory between stunting and non stunting in urban and rural elementary school students in Kupang.Methods: This research used analytic observational method with cross sectional design conducted on urban and rural elementary school students in Kupang City. One hundred and sixty students who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected using consecutive sampling method. Characteristics data were collected by the interview, while the stunting data was known by measuring height and assessed by WHO anthroplus application, short-term memory data was obtained from digit span test. Stunting is a nominal data scale, while the short-term memory is an ordinal data scale. This study was analyzed bivariately using chi-square test with significant p value ≤ 0.05.Results: Chi-square test results of short-term memory between stunting and non stunting in urban and rural elementary school students obtained p = 0.144, which means there is no significant difference in short-term memory between stunting and non stunting in urban and rural elementary school children in Kupang.Conclusions: There is no significant difference in short-term memory between stunting and non stunting in elementary school children, both in urban and rural areas of Kupang.
Purpose: Government of Indonesia (GOI) has commitment to ensure that basic obstetric and newborn care is provided as to standard of care, through a pilot project of facilitative supervision conducted at 5 Primary Health Centre (PHC) of Ende district, in a series of combined online and onsite supervision during a period of 7 months, ended in December 2021. This operational research examined PHC’ readiness in providing emergency obstetric and newborn care, comparing intervened and control PHC. Methods: This present study used quasi experimental method, with Post-test Only Control Group design. Intervention of facilitative supervision only provided in one group, and assessment conducted in those 2 groups, comparing results between those groups. Unit analysis was PHC, 2 PHCs selected as intervened PHC, and 2 PHCs as control. Data were collected through direct observation using check list, assessment of patient’s records, and interview with several health workers. Results: In this operational study we compared the service coverage and readiness in providing emergency obstetric neonatal care, between PHC that received and not received intensive facilitative supervision in the previous 7 months. PHC in urban area handling very few obstetric complications but referred more cases to District Hospital (>90). However, intervened PHC provide obstetric complication care two times higher (8.33%) than control PHC (4.17%). Both intervened and control PHC in rural area, provide far more obstetric complication care (>60%) compared to those in urban area, with the coverage of referral case around 30-35% from total obstetric complication cases. Intervened PHC in rural area managing all neonatal complication cases, and shows the lowest percentage of neonatal death (1,2%) compare to other PHCs. Control PHC in rural area also managed 88.89% of neonatal complication cases, but has the highest percentage of neonatal death (4.17%). The significant difference between intervened and control PHC in the input side, lies in the availability of emergency team which should be minimal of 3 health workers consist of doctor, midwife and nurse; and availability of neonatal emergency kit. In the process side, the difference between intervened and control PHC is more obvious in rural area, the main difference lies in the unavailability of algorithm and SOP for post-partum bleeding, pre/eclampsia, and neonatal resuscitation at control PHC Conclusions: There is difference in the readiness of providing emergency maternal neonatal between intervened and control PHC only in rural area, indicate by higher compliance level value in the intervened PHC (77.14%) compared to control PHC (40%). The difference in the quality of care only obvious in rural area and in emergency neonatal care, indicate by 3,5x lower percentage of neonatal death in intervened PHC compared to the control PHC
Hypercholesterolemia is one of the non-contagious diseases which is the main cause of death globally. Accumulation of excessive cholesterol or hypercholesterolemia will be atherosclerosis which causes strokes and cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease. Garlic has an active agent allicin which an alkaloid compound that was contained in garlic, can be used to reduce cholesterol levels, in addition: vitamin C and niacin. Knowing that effect of garlic extract (Allium sativum) to decrease cholesterol total levels in white rats (Rattus norvegicus) which are deliberately hypercholesterol.Experimental research through Pre test-post test with control group design approaching in laboratory. Research sample was 25 white rats selected randomly and divided into 5 groups are normal control group and treatment group. Data analysis by One Way ANOVA showed that total cholesterol levels on the 32, 33, 37 and 42 days was significance value of p <0.05, its means the statistical test showed that given the garlic extract (Allium sativum) can reduce total cholesterol levels in white rats with hypercholesterolemia. There is the effect of garlic extract (Allium sativum) on decreasing cholesterol total levels in white rats (Rattus novergicus) with hypercholesterol and a significant value (p <0.05).
Background: Covid-19 is officially acknowledged by WHO as a case of pandemic. The number of Covid-19 confirmed cases in Indonesia is significantly fast due to people’s high mobility and dense population. Hence, the government adjusted and enforced new health protocols, specifically added a policy of reducing mobility. Research Objective: This study aims to knowing the correlation of knowledge and attitudes towards reducing mobility behaviour during Covid-19 pandemic on pre-clinical students of the Faculty of Medicine of Universitas Nusa Cendana. Settings and Design: This is a cross-sectional observational analytic study at Faculty of Medicine Universitas Nusa Cendana. Method and Material: There are 158 respondents who met the inclusion criteria that were chosen through the stratified random sampling method using validated and reliable questionnaires to assess knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour related to their mobility reduction during Covid-19 pandemic. Statistical analysis used: The research was analyzed univariately using a frequency distribution table and bivariate analysis using the Spearman Rank Test α=0.05. 64.6% (102 respondents) have sufficient knowledge about reducing mobility. A total of 93.7% (148 respondents) have a good attitude about reducing mobility and as many as 57.6% (91 respondents) have a good attitude about reducing mobility. Knowledge and behavior have no significant relationship; there is a significant relationship between attitudes and behavior. Conclusion: Based on data analysis, there is no correlation (p=0.875) between knowledge and behavior of mobility reduction. Meanwhile there is a correlation (p=0.04) between attitudes and behavior of mobility reduction.
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