Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk. has a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects and has been used to treat wounds, colic diarrhoea, heartburns, abscesses and gynaecopathy. The potential antiproliferative activities of R. tomentosa extracts from different solvents were evaluated in vitro on HepG2, MCF-7 and HT 29 cell lines while antioxidant activity was monitored by radical scavenging assay (DPPH), copper reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and β-carotene bleaching assay. Extracts from R. tomentosa show the viability of the cells in concentration-dependent manner. According to the IC50 obtained, the ethyl acetate extracts showed significant antiproliferative activity on HepG2 (IC50 11.47 ± 0.280 μg/mL), MCF-7 (IC50 2.68 ± 0.529 μg/mL) and HT 29 (IC50 16.18 ± 0.538 μg/mL) after 72 h of treatment. Bioassay guided fractionation of the ethyl acetate extract led to the isolation of lupeol. Methanol extracts show significant antioxidant activities in DPPH (EC50 110.25 ± 0.005 μg/ml), CUPRAC (EC50 53.84 ± 0.004) and β-carotene bleaching (EC50 58.62 ± 0.001) due to the presence of high total flavonoid and total phenolic content which were 110.822 ± 0.017 mg butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)/g and 190.467 ± 0.009 mg gallic acid (GAE)/g respectively. Taken together, the results extracts show the R. tomentosa as a potential source of antioxidant and antiproliferative efficacy.
The antioxidant capacity by DPPH radical scavenging and antimicrobial activity by disk diffusion and broth microdilution method of nine isolated alkaloids from T. crispa were evaluated. All isolated alkaloids had been divided into three groups which were aporphine alkaloids, N-formylannonaine (1), N-formylnornuciferine (2), magnoflorine (9), oxoaporphine alkaloids, lysicamine (3) and liriodenine (4); and protoberberine alkaloids, columbamine(6), dihydrodiscretamine (7) and 4,13-dihydroxy-2,8,9-trimethoxydibenzo [a,g]quinolizinium (8). Protoberberine alkaloids showed (IC50 > 500-800 μg/mL) radical scavenging activity while oxaporphine alkaloids inhibited the growth of the Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus (+) and Enterococcus faecalis (+).The antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of different compounds support documented traditional use of T. crispa in wound healing and treatment of rheumatic, diarrhoea, ulcers, itches and wounds. Results of the present biological activity investigation further points to the potential of this plant species as a good source of natural antioxidant and preservative in food industry.
This book contains information about the traditional used and phytochemicals of belalai gajah (Clinacanthus nutans). This report had scientifically supported the testimonies of Malaysian who claimed that C. nutans possesses antitumour effects and has saved many cancer patients. The uses of plant in traditional medicine and current studies had been discussed. Single compounds had been isolated by purification using chromatographic techniques. Apart from that, a brief review of concept between chemical composition and biological activities is also described in this book.
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