In vitro cytotoxicity of Clinacanthus nutans fractions on breast cancer cells and molecular docking study of sulphur containing compounds against caspase-3

Mutazah, Roziasyahira; Hamid, Hazrulrizawati Abd; Ramli, Aizi Nor Mazila; Aluwi, Mohd Fadhlizil Fasihi Mohd; Yusoff, Mashitah M.

doi:10.1016/j.fct.2019.110869

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The finding demonstrated that caspase-3 bound to palmitic acid and linolenyl alcohol, with binding energies of −3.56 kcal/mol and −3.93 kcal/mol, respectively. Mutazah et al [57] previously reported that entadamide C (1) and clinamide D (2) from C. nutans extracts bound favorably to the caspase-3 binding site, with binding energies of −4.28 kcal/mol and −4.84 kcal/mol, respectively. Thus, these results showed that such interactions of C. nutans compounds are important for the activation of apoptosis-related proteins.…”

Section: Gc-ms Spectral Analysis Of Compounds Presents In Cn-dcmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Effects, Antiproliferative Effects, and Molecular Docking of Clinacanthus nutans Leaf Extracts

et al. 2020

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Clinacanthus nutans is a well-known herb that has been used as an alternative and therapeutic medicine, however more selective C. nutans extracts are needed. In this study, leaves were extracted with 80% methanol and further fractionated with n-hexane, dichloromethane, chloroform, n-butanol, and aqueous residue. Subsequently, the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant scavenging activity, and antiproliferative effects on breast cancer (Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 [MCF7]) and normal breast (Michigan Cancer Foundation-10A [MCF 10A]) cells of the extracts were measured. Additionally, molecular docking simulation of the major compounds from C. nutans extracts was conducted. The aqueous residue had the highest TPC and TFC, whereas the crude extract had the highest scavenging activity. Among the extracts, dichloromethane extract (CN-Dcm) was selected as it had the highest selectivity index (SI) (1.48). Then, the chosen extract (CN-Dcm) was proceed for further analysis. The compounds from CN-Dcm were identified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major compounds from CN-Dcm were further investigated through molecular docking studies. Palmitic acid and linolenyl alcohol were the compounds found in the CN-Dcm extract that exhibited the highest binding affinities with p53-binding protein Mdm-2. These results highlight the potential of C. nutans as a source of anticancer activities.

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Section: Gc-ms Spectral Analysis Of Compounds Presents In Cn-dcmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Effects, Antiproliferative Effects, and Molecular Docking of Clinacanthus nutans Leaf Extracts

et al. 2020

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“…Our study was similar to those of Mai et al [ 10 ] and Vajrabaya [ 38 ], in which CN was not toxic to mouse macrophage cells, RAW 264.7, mouse fibroblast, L929 and human breast cancer cells such as MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 [ 11 , 39 ]. However, in other studies, CN exerts antiproliferative effects towards breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231 [ 40 , 41 ], ovarian cancer cells, Hela [ 42 ], pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, AsPC1, BxPC3 and SW1990 [ 11 ], erythroleukemia cells and K562 [ 7 , 43 ] with very potent anticancer activity and IC 50 less than 30 μg/mL. The difference of antiproliferative activity of CN extract against MDA-MB-231 between this experiment and other studies was due to the type of solvent used to prepare the extracts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The difference of antiproliferative activity of CN extract against MDA-MB-231 between this experiment and other studies was due to the type of solvent used to prepare the extracts. Both studies by Mutazah et al [ 40 ] and Quah et al [ 41 ] used methanolic CN extracts but our study used ethanol and distilled water to prepare the CN extracts. In terms of plant part, our study was similar to Quah et al [ 41 ] that used CN leaves, however, Mutazah et al [ 40 ] used bark to prepare CN methanolic extract.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory potential of Clinacanthus nutans extracts in the co-culture of triple-negative breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231, and THP-1 macrophages

et al. 2021

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Triple-negative breast cancer is the main type of breast carcinoma that causes mortality among women because of the limited treatment options and high recurrence. Chronic inflammation has been linked with the tumor microenvironment (TME) in breast cancer progression. Clinacanthus nutans (CN) has gained much attention because of its anticancer properties, but its mechanism remains unclear. We aimed to study the qualitative phytochemical content and elucidate the cytotoxicity effects of CN on human triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), MDA-MB-231 and human macrophage-like cells such as THP-1 by using sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. As highly metastatic cells, MDA-MB-231 cells can migrate to the distal position, the effect of CN on migration were also elucidated using the scratch assay. The CN effects on ameliorating chronic inflammation in TME were studied following the co-culture of MDA-MB-231/THP-1 macrophages. The cytokine expression levels of IL-6, IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were determined using ELISA assays. The results showed that both ethanolic and aqueous CN extracts contained alkaloid, phenol and tannin, flavonoid, terpenoid, glycoside and steroid. However, saponin was only found in the aqueous extract of CN. CN was not cytotoxic to both MDA-MB-231 and THP-1 cells. The ability of MDA-MB-231 to migrate was also not halted by CN treatment. However, CN ethanol extract decreased IL-6 at 25 μg/mL (p = 0.02) and 100 μg/mL (p = 0.03) but CN aqueous extract increased IL-6 expression at 50 μg/mL (p = 0.08) and 100 μg/mL (p = 0.02). IL-1β showed decreased expression after treated with CN ethanol and CN aqueous both at 25 μg/mL (p = 0.03). TNF-α were significantly decreased after CN ethanol treatment at concentration 25- (p = 0.001), 50- (p = 0.000) and 100 μg/mL (p = 0.000). CN aqueous extract slightly inhibited TNF-α at all 25–50- and 100 μg/mL (p = 0.001, p = 0.000, p = 0.000, respectively). Overall, CN acts by ameliorating the pro-inflammatory condition in the TME and may be a potential strategy for its anticancer mechanism on highly metastatic breast cancer condition. The major pathways that link both cancer and inflammation were NF-κB and STATs thus further study on the upstream and downstream pathways is needed to fully understand the mechanism of CN extracts in cooling the inflamed TME in breast cancer.

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“…Two fractions, A12 and A17, which harbor sulfur-containing compounds, including entadamide C and clinamide D, were found to have strong cytotoxic activities. The molecular target of these two compounds was accessed to be caspase-3 by molecular docking simulation, which will pave the way for the design and development of more effective drugs based on structures of entadamide C and clinamide D against breast cancers and other cancers [ 16 ].…”

Section: Effects and Action Mechanism Studies Of C Nutans Extracts On Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…e molecular target of these two compounds was accessed to be caspase-3 by molecular docking simulation, which will pave the way for the design and development of more effective drugs based on structures of entadamide C and clinamide D against breast cancers and other cancers [16].…”

Section: Effects and Action Mechanism Studies Of C Nutans Extracts On Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advancement in Anticancer Activity of Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau

Lin

Chen

Lung

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Clinacanthus nutans is a traditional medicinal herb that is applied for the therapy of snake bites, skin infection, herpes infection, burns, scalds, dysentery, and diabetes. Clinacanthus nutans is also used to treat several cancers, including breast, cervical, colon, gastric, head and neck, liver, lung, pancreatic, and skin cancers, as well as lymphoma and leukemia; however, the underlying mechanisms of its anticancer activity remained undetermined. We searched PubMed and Google with key words “Clinacanthus nutans and cancer” and collected recent papers of Clinacanthus nutans with anticancer activity. We focused on the preparation, effects, and action mechanisms of Clinacanthus nutans extracts on various types of cancers. We hope that this mini review can help update our knowledge about active components, effects, and molecular mechanisms of extracts from this promising herb Clinacanthus nutans for ongoing studies and speed up its clinical application in the future.

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In vitro cytotoxicity of Clinacanthus nutans fractions on breast cancer cells and molecular docking study of sulphur containing compounds against caspase-3

Cited by 29 publications

References 20 publications

Antioxidant Effects, Antiproliferative Effects, and Molecular Docking of Clinacanthus nutans Leaf Extracts

Antioxidant Effects, Antiproliferative Effects, and Molecular Docking of Clinacanthus nutans Leaf Extracts

Immunomodulatory potential of Clinacanthus nutans extracts in the co-culture of triple-negative breast cancer cells, MDA-MB-231, and THP-1 macrophages

Recent Advancement in Anticancer Activity of Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau

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