Academics are interested in women's entrepreneurship research since mid-1980s as many women have been documented to take part in entrepreneurial ventures. However, the existing research is limited given that there are still gaps in the understanding of women's entrepreneurship perspectives and theories that been applied in the field. This paper aimed to visualize selected women entrepreneurship studies published internationally indexed using bibliometric and content analysis through the VOS viewer application. The research data of 96 documents published from 2012 to 2021 were obtained from the Scopus database. As a result, gender theory, feminist theory and institutional theory are the main theories that have been applied to describe women's entrepreneurship in this study. The perspective of women entrepreneurship is being discussed based on the keyword that frequently appear in the article like entrepreneurship, women entrepreneurs and gender. Lastly, the discussion highlights the research's contributions and gives recommendations for future research on women's entrepreneurship.
AbstrakFenomena kemunculan perniagaan teroka baharu oleh wanita bukanlah topik baru jika disusuri dari susur galur sorotan kajian lepas. Ramai penyelidik lepas melihat pelbagai perspektif yang berbeza-beza mengikut cabang disiplin masing-masing sepertimana ekonomi, pengurusan, psikologi, sosiologi dan lain-lain lagi. Namun ironinya, perbincangan berkaitan proses pembinaan teori keusahawanan wanita dikatakan masih bersifat pramatang. Kajian konseptual ini telah menggunakan kaedah kajian perpustakaan terhadap 95 artikel terpilih bersangkutan fenomena keusahawanan wanita dalam proses penciptaan teroka baharu yang terdiri daripada beberapa jurnal utama bidang keusahawanan wanita. Hasil kajian literatur ini mendapati, penglibatan usahawan wanita melalui perniagaan teroka baharu terbukti memberi impak positif dari sudut peningkatan peluang pekerjaan serta memperkembangkan inovasi produk baru dalam sesebuah negara. Kesinambungannya, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mendalami berkenaan fenomena keusahawanan wanita terutama berkenaan proses penciptaan teroka baharu memandangkan disiplin ini masih lagi bersifat pramatang terutama dalam proses pembangunan teori. Bersandarkan kepada teori Gartner, 1985, penyelidik memberi huraian yang jelas bagi menerangkan bagaimana keusahawanan wanita yang berlaku boleh dikaitkan dengan empat perspektif berbeza iaitu individu, persekitaran, organisasi yang ditubuhkan dan juga proses keusahawanan yang berlaku. Hasil huraian ini memberi gambaran dan sudut pandang yang khusus kepada usahawan wanita untuk memfokuskan kepada sisi yang memberi impak baik kepada perkembangan perniagaan teroka baru mereka.
AbstractThe discussion about emerging women’s new venture creation is not a new topic when traced back from the past literature. Previous researchers looked at various perspectives according to their respective disciplines, such as economics, management, psychology, sociology etc. Ironically, the discussion related to the women entrepreneurship theory-building process is said to be premature. This conceptual study has used the library research method on 95 selected articles concerning the phenomenon of women entrepreneurship in the new venture creation process consisting of several main women entrepreneurship journals. Based on the result from literature review, the involvement of women entrepreneurs through new venture businesses proved to have a positive impact in terms of employment opportunities and the development of new product innovations in a country. This study investigated the relevance of the women entrepreneurship phenomenon related to the new venture creation process as this discipline is still premature. Based on Gartner's theory, the researchers provide a clear description of how women’s entrepreneurs can be associated with four different perspectives: individuals, environments, organizations established, and entrepreneurial process. The results of this description can provide a specific overview and perspective for women entrepreneurs to focus on the side that has a positive impact on the development of their new venture business.
Online Distanced Learning (ODL) is an online learning method that has been used during outspread of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Conducting ODL can be tough. It is especially challenging when it comes to ensuring the active engagement of students. Many business and management disciplines include the so-called dry or uninteresting content that requires intense concentration and undivided attention from students. Hence, it is a must for business management lecturers to ensure active engagement so that they could assess students’ understanding of the subject matter delivered throughout the Online Distance Learning (ODL) sessions.Thus, the purpose of this conceptual paper is to propose gamification as an approach in assessing student’s understanding. Gamification makes learning more enjoyable experience especially during the pandemic as students undergo ODL lessons at their homes. Theoretically, this paper contributes to the existing literature of gamification in online learning and teaching assessments. Practically, it contributes in increasing the awareness on how the gamification can be used in any subject of business management online classes. Further experimental studies will be conducted to investigate how game-based approach assists in enhancing students’ engagement, understanding of business management subject, as well as how gamification can stimulate excitement and communication skills among students.
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