Breast cancer has been the responsible for the largest mortality rate in the world, becoming one of the great concerns in health, regarding woman's health. Related to the therapeutics, although wide approaches of interventions that make possible better cure perspectives exist, the mastectomy is as treatment base. Article of philosophic reflection, had as study women's that lived the mastectomy aiming at to reflect the conception of these women's body starting from the work Phenomenology of the Perception of Merleau-Ponty object and of authors that work with the theme regarding the woman mastectomized.
Atualmente, as idades são percebidas como parte do passar do tempo, que é expresso no corpo das pessoas. No imaginário social, o envelhecimento é um processo marcado por desgaste, limitações, perdas físicas e de papéis sociais. As perdas são vistas como problemas de saúde, expressas, em grande parte, na aparência do corpo. Estudo descritivo, exploratório, qualitativo, de iluminação fenomenológica segundo o referencial de Maurice Merleau-Ponty, que teve como objetivo compreender a percepção que o idoso tem do próprio corpo em envelhecimento. Sete idosos, ambos os sexos, idades entre 75 a 83 anos de uma comunidade de Salvador-Bahia participaram da pesquisa. Cinco unidades de significado foram construídas. O corpo que está envelhecendo é percebido pelo idoso como corpo que traz mudanças físicas que, nem sempre, são incorporadas facilmente; apresenta perdas; tem dificuldades de perceber o envelhecimento; se mostra em descompasso com a rapidez da mente; se mostra uma realidade. Tais unidades possibilitaram a construção da unidade de significação “o corpo encarnado é percebido no processo de envelhecimento a partir de signos físicos”. Apreendeu-se que integra o processo de ser-no-mundo, vislumbrar o crescimento e o desenvolvimento como movimentos naturais do humano, pois, o envelhecimento é uma possibilidade que se apresenta.
Objective: to understand healthcare experiences from the perspective of women who are or were pregnant while in homelessness. Methods: qualitative study based on Heideggerian phenomenology adapted to the field of health. There were ten participants. The technique of phenomenological interview and a semi-structured instrument were used. The comprehensive analysis methodically followed the stages of phenomenological reduction, construction,and destruction. Results: the existence of pregnant homeless women represents difficulties, discrimination, violence, prejudice, racism,and vulnerability. It is a violation of human dignity, revealing specificities and nuances of the triad women-maternity-street. Conclusion: the research made it possible to understand that healthcare, from the perspective of women who are pregnant while homeless, offers risks both to the mother and to the child. Both the self-care and the healthcare offered by health workers and services is precarious and has weaknesses, being different from any type of care that could be understood as solicitous, zealous, and concerned.
Objective: to analyze the evidences on therapies for the treatment of pressure ulcers. Methods: integrative review with articles published between 2014 and 2019 in SciELO, MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF, IBECS and CINAHL databases. The descriptors used were: pressure ulcer, therapeutics and nursing care. Results: twelve articles were found that met the study´s objectives. Data from the eligible studies were extracted using the data collection instrument. After this step, they were categorized and synthesized, in a descriptive way, and listed in four categories: professionals’ knowledge about therapies; adequate management of therapies; therapies with biophysical agents; and non-conventional therapies. Conclusion: the analyzed articles reflect on the use of some therapies and strategies to treat pressure ulcers. The various therapies addressed in the research on the treatment of these ulcers proved to be effective, however, they are insufficient to ensure their wide and safe use.
Introdução: A condição da mulher em situação de rua representa uma fratura e vulnerabilidade social da existência, pois está exposta a diversas violências. Objetivo: Compreender a vivência de mulheres em situação de rua. Métodos: Abordagem qualitativa, descritiva, à luz da fenomenologia de Martin Heidegger, adaptada à área de saúde. Participaram dez depoentes. A técnica de coleta foi a entrevista fenomenológica, com um roteiro semiestruturado. A análise compreensiva seguiu os momentos metódicos: redução, construção e destruição fenomenológica. Resultados: O existir de mulheres em situação de rua representa seres lançadas ao mundo, com dificuldades, discriminação, violência, preconceito, racismo e vulnerabilidade configurando uma violação da dignidade humana. Conclusão: Existir nas ruas como mulher é viver ressignificando seu modo de existir. São vidas nuas nas ruas, e necessitam de políticas públicas de segurança à vida, por viverem em desigualdade de direitos. Portanto, defende-se a busca de estratégias de acolhimento, em defesa da vida dessas mulheres como um compromisso humanitário e social. Palavras-chave: mulheres, pessoas em situação de rua, Filosofia.
This qualitative study, based on the phenomenological method, and that had as object the perception of the body by mastectomized woman. It aimed to comprehend the surgical impact on the perception of the own body and in the relationship of this with other people. It was accomplished in two institutions of Salvador that assist people in oncologycal therapy. The phenomenological interview was applied to five women, between 35 to 66 years, and that underwent to radical mastectomy. There were innmerables the difficulties caused by cancer, as well the one from surgical therapy, indicating a strong feeling of the lost of femininity, that brought physicals, emotionals and socials repercussions. The existence of the mastectomy was evidenced as a complex experience that extended along the time, leading mastectomized woman to changes in the ways of life. The health professionals must reflect about their assistencial practices in order to value the feelings expressed by woman, propitiating her a care in a understanding manner. Keywords: breast neoplasms, mastectomy, corporal image.
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