Lignocellulosic feed is expected to contribute significantly to production of liquified and solid combustibles in future, because of the quantity and the variety of feed material. The aim of the project is the production of high-quality biochar and a liquid energy carrier in a nonaqueous hydrocarbon-based pyrolysis system. Therefore, the pyrolytic degradation properties of wood and its building blocks glucose, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin were investigated during liquid-phase pyrolysis conditions. The process was carried out in a semibatch reaction vessel under isothermal conditions at various temperatures between T=350°C and T=390°C. Process pressure was ambient. For optimum heat transfer, pyrolysis was carried out in a liquid heat carrier phase which provides sufficient heat capacity and high heat conductivity for isothermal operation. The interaction between heat carrier, biomass, and biomass products in the liquid and vapor phases was investigated. Liquid-phase pyrolysis is an exothermic process which produces 25-28% liquid CHO products. The heat of reaction is −864±25 kJ/kg at T=350°C. To quantify products of biogenous and fossil origin, liquid products were analyzed by elemental analysis, gas chromatography, and accelerated mass spectroscopy. Solid products were analyzed by elemental analysis, electron microscopy, and accelerated mass spectroscopy.
New biomass utilization technologies and concepts are needed to suffice future increasing energy demand. This paper contributes to the understanding of liquid phase pyrolysis (LPP) oil upgrading, which significantly differs from fast pyrolysis (FP) oil upgrading processes. A two-step hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) process was established to convert the LPP oil into a biofuel with diesel fuel-like properties. In the first HDO step (250°C, 85 bar), the bulk of the water and most of the highly-oxygenated water-soluble carbonaceous constituents were removed, to lower hydrogen consumption in the second HDO step. In addition, the highly reactive compounds were stabilized in the first step. In the second HDO step (400°C, 150/170 bar), the product specification was improved. This paper shows a proof-of-principle for a two-step HDO process for converting LPP oil to a diesel-like biofuel.
In der BiomassPyrolysisRefinery wird Lignocellulose in zwei Stufen verflüssigt. In der ersten Stufe wird Lignocellulose durch Flüssigphasenpyrolyse (FPP) in flüssige und feste Zwischenprodukte umgewandelt. Erprobt wird die FFP im Pilotmaßstab in der OMV Raffinerie Schwechat. Dabei entstehen aus der Biomasse Flüssigphasenpyrolyseöl, Pyrolysekohle, Gase und 10 – 20 % flüssige Pyrolyseprodukte, die direkt in der Raffinierie zu Treibstoffen weiterverwertet werden. In der zweiten Stufe wird Pyrolysekohle in Tetralin als Wasserstoffdonor verflüssigt und das Flüssigphasenpyrolyseöl durch Hydrodeoxygenierung unter Wasserstoffdruck in flüssigen Treibstoff umgewandelt.
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