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Background:Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is described as difficulty experienced by a female during any stage of a normal sexual activity including physical pleasure, desire, arousal, or orgasm. There are various factors responsible for FSD including psychological status of a person, gynecological or medical problems, long use of certain drugs, and social beliefs.Objectives:To study the prevalence and various factors associated with FSD.Materials and Methods:Study Design - This study design was a cross-sectional observational study conducted at Tertiary Care Centre, in Ahmedabad from June 2015 to March 2016. Sample Size - One hundred and fifty-three fertile females in reproductive age group (20–47 years) were included in the study. Written and informed consent was obtained from all the females. Methods - FSD was assessed with a detailed 19-item female sexual function index questionnaire. All six domains of sexual dysfunction, i.e., desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain were studied. Various associated factors such as gynecological or psychological problems were also studied. Exclusion - Infertile patients were excluded from the study.Results:The prevalence of FSD was 55.55% among 153 fertile females. FSD was more prevalent in the age group of 26–30 years and with duration of marriage >16 years. FSD was also more common in females with middle education and those belonging to upper middle socioeconomic status. Psychological stress was significantly associated with FSD.Conclusion:It is right of every female to lead healthy sexual life as it is key to happiness in marriage. Females with FSD can be managed with proper counseling and treating the underlying etiology.

Objective To predict the effectiveness of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) in the treatment of persistent thin endometrium resistant to other treatments in frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. Study Design This is a hospital-based prospective study. Patients Thirty-five women with persistent thin endometrium (\7 mm) resistant to standard treatments were involved in this study. Intervention(s) Intrauterine infusion of GCSF (300 mcg/ 1 ml) was done in patients with thin endometrium on day 14 of FET cycles, and their endometrial thicknesses were measured after 48 h of infusion. Main Outcome Measures The primary outcome was an increase in endometrial thickness and the secondary outcome measures were chemical and clinical pregnancies. Results The endometrial thickness increased from 5.86 ± 0.58 to 6.58 ± 0.84 mm after GCSF infusion. In 19 of the 35 participants (54.28 %) endometrial thickness increased to C7 mm and they subsequently underwent embryo transfer. Of these, 3 (15.78 %) patients had chemical pregnancy, but there was no clinical pregnancy. 123In 16 participants, embryo transfer was canceled in view of insufficient endometrial thickness (\7 mm). Conclusion GCSF caused a small increase in endometrial thickness in women with persistent thin endometrium, but there was no improvement in their pregnancy rates.

Spot urinary ACR values are higher in asymptomatic women in early pregnancy, who developed pre-eclampsia later on. When measured early in the second trimester, an ACR ≥ 35.5 mg/mmol predicted pre-eclampsia well before the onset of clinical manifestations with high sensitivity and specificity. It can be used as a good screening tool for predicting pre-eclampsia in early pregnancy.